Graph-Based Profiling of Blockchain Oracles

【Author】 Almi'Ani, Khaled; Lee, Young Choon; Alrawashdeh, Tawfiq; Pasdar, Amirmohammad

【Source】IEEE ACCESS

【影响因子】3.476

【Abstract】The usage of blockchain technology has been significantly expanded with smart contracts and blockchain oracles. While smart contracts enables to automate the execution of an agreement between untrusted parties, oracles provide smart contracts with data external to a given blockchain, i.e., off-chain data. However, the validity and accuracy of such off-chain data can be questionable that compromises the transparency and immutability chacteristics of blockchain. Despite many studies on the trustworthiness of blockchain oracles, more precisely, off-chain data, their solutions are often 'short-sighted' and dependent on binary decisions. In this paper, we present a novel graph-based profiling method to determine the trustworthiness of blockchain oracles. We construct a graph with oracles as nodes and cumulative average discrepancies of validity and accuracy of data as edge weights. Our profiling method continues to update the graph, edge weights in particular, to distinguish trustworthy oracles. Clearly, this discourages the provision of false and inaccurate data. We have conducted an evaluation study to see the effectiveness of our proposed method, in which we have run the experiments utilizing the Ethereum network. Additionally, we have also calculated the cost of running these experiments. Consequently, our experiment results show that the proposed method achieves around 93% accuracy in identifying the trustworthiness of data sources.

【Keywords】Blockchains; Soft sensors; Smart contracts; Costs; Internet of Things; Decentralized applications; Security; Distributed ledgers; The blockchain oracle problem; smart contracts; distributed ledger technology; Ethereum; decentralized applications

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-04-12

【文献类型】理论模型

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-预言机