BAuth-ZKP-A Blockchain-Based Multi-Factor Authentication Mechanism for Securing Smart Cities

【Author】 Ahmad, Md. Onais; Tripathi, Gautami; Siddiqui, Farheen; Alam, Mohammad Afshar; Ahad, Mohd Abdul; Akhtar, Mohd Majid; Casalino, Gabriella

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【Abstract】The overwhelming popularity of technology-based solutions and innovations to address day-to-day processes has significantly contributed to the emergence of smart cities. where millions of interconnected devices and sensors generate and share huge volumes of data. The easy and high availability of rich personal and public data generated in these digitalized and automated ecosystems renders smart cities vulnerable to intrinsic and extrinsic security breaches. Today, with fast-developing technologies, the classical username and password approaches are no longer adequate to secure valuable data and information from cyberattacks. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) can provide an effective solution to minimize the security challenges associated with legacy single-factor authentication systems (both online and offline). This paper identifies and discusses the role and need of MFA for securing the smart city ecosystem. The paper begins by describing the notion of smart cities and the associated security threats and privacy issues. The paper further provides a detailed description of how MFA can be used for securing various smart city entities and services. A new concept of blockchain-based multi-factor authentication named "BAuth-ZKP" for securing smart city transactions is presented in the paper. The concept focuses on developing smart contracts between the participating entities within the smart city and performing the transactions with zero knowledge proof (ZKP)-based authentication in a secure and privacy-preserved manner. Finally, the future prospects, developments, and scope of using MFA in smart city ecosystem are discussed. [Ahmad, Md. Onais; Tripathi, Gautami; Siddiqui, Farheen; Alam, Mohammad Afshar; Ahad, Mohd Abdul] Jamia Hamdard, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, New Delhi 110062, India; [Akhtar, Mohd Majid] Jamia Millia Islamia, Dept Comp Engn, New Delhi 110025, India; [Casalino, Gabriella] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dept Comp Sci, I-70125 Bari, Italy Jamia Hamdard University; Jamia Millia Islamia; Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Tripathi, G; Ahad, MA (通讯作者)，Jamia Hamdard, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, New Delhi 110062, India. gautami.tripathi@jamiahamdard.ac.in; aahad@jamiahamdard.ac.in Casalino, Gabriella/N-6374-2017 Casalino, Gabriella/0000-0003-0713-2260 144 0 0 1 1 MDPI BASEL ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND 1424-8220 SENSORS-BASEL Sensors MAR 2023 23 5 2757 10.3390/s23052757 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23052757 35 Chemistry, Analytical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) Chemistry; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation 9T6HF 36904955 gold, Green Published 2023-04-03 WOS:000947125600001

【Keywords】MFA; OTP; 2FA; ZKP; BAuth-ZKP; blockchain; smart cities

【发表时间】2023 MAR

【收录时间】2023-04-07

【文献类型】理论模型

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-智慧城市领域