【Author】 Chen, Jiahui Xiao, Hang Hu, Muchuang Chen, Chien-Ming

【Source】FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE

【影响因子】7.307

【主题类别】

区块链应用-虚拟经济-元宇宙

【Abstract】Electronic Commodity Trading has a pivotal role in our economic activities. In the literature, there is a classic problem called "Fair Exchange"which is fundamental to electronic commodity trading. It means the participants can receive the exchange item of the counterparty as they have agreed on before. Since the ownership of items online is often authorized by digital signatures, we focus on the problem of the fair exchange of digital signatures in this paper. As the concept of the Metaverse becomes popular recently, what we are concerned about is how the fair exchange will evolve in a metaverse. It is said that the metaverse is a vision of how the next generation of the internet will operate and the research for the fair exchange problem in it is essential for a wide range of applications like trading a (Non-fungible-token) NFT. Many cryptographic fair exchange protocols are proposed to deal with such a problem. However, most of them should rely on a Trusted Third Party (TTP) and the security is restricted by the TTP. The way the metaverse will work is still being defined. But it will probably provide users with a decentralized environment and a fair exchange protocol relying on a TTP seems unsuitable for it. Recently, researchers present some blockchain-based fair exchange protocols to get rid of or reduce the power of a TTP. But these blockchain-based protocols face new challenges. Firstly, cryptography pairing operations are often contained in such a TTP-free protocol and cost too much for the blockchain. Secondly, the player may hang for an unacceptably long time of the latency of the blockchain network. Thirdly, it is difficult to protect the privacy of the signatures while making the whole protocol verifiable at the same time. To bridge these research gaps, this paper presents a novel signature exchange protocol called DFSE which is decentralized, verifiable, efficient and autonomous. To give a real-world evaluation, we perform the experiment on the live test network of Ethereum and the results show that our protocol is feasible.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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【Keywords】Signature exchange; Decentralized; Blockchain; Metaverse

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1016/j.future.2022.12.031

【Author】 Alfar, Abdelrahman J. K. Kumpamool, Chamaiporn Nguyen, Dung T. K. Ahmed, Rizwan

【Source】RESEARCH IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND FINANCE

【影响因子】6.143

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC) are considered 'digital fiat currencies' that do not have a physical form, which is a key distinction from conventional fiat money. This study aims to identify factors that influence central banks' decisions in taking advanced actions to issue CBDC, namely, the economic, market, demographic and technical factors. Data is collected from the CBDC Tracker and the WB database for the period 2013-2021. We applied the Pooled OLS estimations to examine the impact of the key factors on being in an advanced stage for issuing CBDC; moreover, probit and logistic regression are employed to robust our results and overcome the limitations of Pooled OLS. The findings demonstrate that underdeveloped economies are more engaged in issuing CBDC. Besides, better regulations, FDI inflow, young populations, and more urban societies would increase the probability of CBDC issuance. Nevertheless, results show the impact of technical factors is heterogeneous across countries.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Money supply; Central banks and their policies; Financial system; Central bank digital currencies

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 实证数据

【DOI】 10.1016/j.ribaf.2023.101884

【Author】 Rehman, Mubeen Abdur Irfan, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr Lucey, Brian M. Karim, Sitara

【Source】RESEARCH IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND FINANCE

【影响因子】6.143

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】The considerable deployment of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) is imminent, as its in-terest has attracted the whole world. However, CBDCs faces several political, technological, and legal challenges. We add a few more challenges that have not received much attention and summarize them in the extant literature. We then emphasize a broad version of money to examine its likely impact on financial stability. Moreover, using time series data of three leading econo-mies and replying to past episodes' evidence of financial innovation, the historical behaviour to incorporate the impact of CBDCs, and the velocity of circulation, we scrutinize the hypothetical influence of CBDCs on financial stability and inflation. This study employs McCallum's policy rule based on money growth, which deals with monetary policy. Our simulations indicate that the CBDCs do not produce higher inflation while setting financial stability at risk. This study also suggests the necessary policy implications.

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【Keywords】CBDC; Velocity; Broad money; Income; Interest rate

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1016/j.ribaf.2023.101892

【Author】 [Anonymous]

【Source】RESEARCH IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND FINANCE

【影响因子】6.143

【主题类别】

区块链应用-虚拟经济-CBDC

【Abstract】Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC) are a digital innovation based upon distributed ledger and smart contract technology. In this paper we examine how potential users of CBDC technology willingly disclose their personal information. The researchers conducted an online quantitative survey which investigates the privacy perceptions of consumers. Using the privacy calculus theory lens, this study looks at the potential benefits of CBDC and how these influence user perceptions towards privacy disclosure. While this research suggests that participants in the study had negative perceptions in relation to the disclosure of personal information, many were willing to offset these concerns if there are significant benefits in the usage of CBDC. Factors such as ease of use, convenience, availability, and credibility were viewed as key benefits in this scenario. Thus, future banking strategies and marketing approaches need to consider these components to foster CBDC adoption.

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【Keywords】CBDC; Cryptocurrency; Privacy; Digital currency; Fintech

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.1016/j.ribaf.2022.101826

【Author】 Wang, Ge Qin, Rui Li, Juanjuan Wang, Fei-Yue Gan, Yu Yan, Lihua

【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL SYSTEMS

【影响因子】4.747

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-企业管理

【Abstract】This article proposes a novel parallel management mode based on decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) for enterprises by utilizing the artificial systems, computational experiments, parallel execution (ACP) approach, parallel intelligence theory, and blockchain technologies, to realize the distributed management of an enterprise. The artificial enterprise DAO (EnDAO) corresponding to the actual enterprise is constructed, and they constitute a parallel system via virtual-real interaction and parallel execution. Through the non-fungible token (NFT)-based incentive mechanism, metaverse-based virtual learning and training, as well as DAO-based distributed management and decision-making, the management and control of the actual enterprise as well as its employees can be carried out. By virtue of the virtual-real interactions of three types of employees, as well as the virtual-real feedback of three closed loops in the parallel systems, DAO-based parallel management for enterprises can realize descriptive intelligence, predictive intelligence, and prescriptive intelligence. On this basis, this article takes the recruitment-oriented key performance indicator (KPI) management of a startup technology enterprise as the case to introduce the operation processes and illustrate the superiorities of the proposed DAO-based enterprise parallel management mode.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs); metaverse; parallel intelligence; parallel management

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1109/TCSS.2023.3239059

【Author】 Md, Abdul Quadir Narayanan, S. M. Satya Sree Sabireen, H. Sivaraman, Arun Kumar Tee, Kong Fah

【Source】EXPERT SYSTEMS CCF-C

【影响因子】2.812

【主题类别】

区块链治理-技术治理-异常/非法交易识别

【Abstract】Ever since Ether is launched as a digital currency, its rise has been rapid. It is currently the second most valuable digital currency in the world. There are more than 1 million transactions happening on the Ethereum network every day, and this number is expected to continue to increase. Due to the increasing number of transactions, fraudulent transactions have also increased, which has resulted in a large amount of money being lost and has also destroyed the livelihoods of many individuals. Due to their similarity to valid transactions, it is extremely difficult to distinguish between them. Additionally, Ethereum's pseudo-anonymity adds to the difficulty of identifying the parties involved. Since there are millions of transactions every day, it would be difficult to manually verify each one. Therefore, a mechanism for validating these transactions is needed. In this context, this paper proposes a novel approach to detecting fraudulent accounts associated with these transactions by implementing machine learning algorithms among the given set of transactions. We propose a framework for creating a stacking classifier by combining several standalone classification algorithms and creating a meta-learner based on the output of each base algorithm. The algorithms include Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Decision Trees, Random Forests, AdaBoosts, KNNs, SVMs, and Gradient Boosts. As a result of combining these algorithms, a powerful classifier with the ability to detect fraudulent transactions. A variety of machine learning models were trained and evaluated on the test set using various metrics. Based on the results of the individual algorithm the Random Forest algorithm achieved the highest accuracy of 95.47%, followed by Gradient Boosting at 94.61% which is an ensemble algorithm using the boosting technique. The Stacking classifier that combines Multinomial Naive Bayes and Random Forest as the base learners and logistic regression as the Meta learner achieved the highest accuracy of 97.18% with an F1 score of 97.02%. Based on the results of all the stacking models developed, it is concluded that algorithms tend to perform better when combined properly. When compared to the other approaches, the proposed approach has outperformed the others, making it feasible in the real world to detect fraudulent transactions.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】block chain; cryptocurrency; ensemble; ether; Ethereum; fraud detection; stacking classifier

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1111/exsy.13255

【Author】 Morgan, Jamie

【Source】CAMBRIDGE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS

【影响因子】2.273

【主题类别】

区块链应用-虚拟经济-CBDC

【Abstract】New forms of money invite informed speculation regarding future possibilities. In this extended commentary, we explore five issue-areas that the growth of cryptocurrency and, more particularly, stablecoin have evoked. This new form of digital money has the potential to change the form and functioning of payments technologies and thus alter not just how something is paid for but what can be paid for. Moreover, as the now shelved plans for Facebook/Meta's Libra/Diem indicate, there is scope for a major corporation or coalition of corporations to issue their own stablecoin and this greatly increases the likelihood of a 'systemic' stablecoin. This, in turn, could change where power resides and who exercises it in banking, finance and society. Concern with power leads to issues regarding the nature of change and thus to concern with possible financial, economic and social disruptions ranging across the nature of trust, bank business models, the effectiveness of central bank policy and security of payments systems. Given these issues, cryptocurrency and stablecoin have become a growing concern for regulators and this concern extends to the case for a retail central bank digital currency (CBDC). Finally, a new form of money invites discussion of its implications for the nature of money and this leads to matters of philosophical or social theory interest.

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【Keywords】Digital money; Bitcoin; Stablecoin; Tether; Central bank digital currency (CBDC); A1; B00; G00

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.1093/cje/beac060

【Author】 Lyu, Qiuyun Ma, Chenhao Shen, Yanzhao Jiao, Shaopeng Sun, Yipeng Hu, Liqin

【Source】CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES

【影响因子】2.027

【主题类别】

区块链治理-技术治理-智能合约漏洞检测

【Abstract】Smart contracts running on public blockchains are permissionless and decentralized, attracting both developers and malicious participants. Ethereum, the world's largest decentralized application platform on which more than 40 million smart contracts are running, is frequently challenged by smart contract vulnerabilities. What's worse, since the homogeneity of a wide range of smart contracts and the increase in inter-contract dependencies, a vulnerability in a certain smart contract could affect a large number of other contracts in Ethereum. However, little is known about how vulnerable contracts affect other on-chain contracts and which contracts can be affected. Thus, we first present the contract dependency graph (CDG) to perform a vulnerability analysis for Ethereum smart contracts, where CDG characterizes inter-contract dependencies formed by DELEGATECALL-type internal transaction in Ethereum. Then, three generic definitions of security violations against CDG are given for finding respective potential victim contracts affected by different types of vulnerable contracts. Further, we construct the CDG with 195,247 smart contracts active in the latest blocks of the Ethereum and verify the above security violations against CDG by detecting three representative known vulnerabilities. Compared to previous large-scale vulnerability analysis, our analysis scheme marks potential victim contracts that can be affected by different types of vulnerable contracts, and identify their possible risks based on the type of security violation actually occurring. The analysis results show that the proportion of potential victim contracts reaches 14.7%, far more than that of corresponding vulnerable contracts (less than 0.02%) in CDG.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Smart contract vulnerability; smart contract homogeneity; contract dependency graph; automated analysis

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.32604/cmes.2022.021562

【Author】 Camera, Gabriele

【Source】JOURNAL OF MONEY CREDIT AND BANKING

【影响因子】1.963

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】Central banks may soon issue currencies that are entirely digital (CBDCs) and possibly interest bearing. A strategic analytical framework is used to investigate this innovation in the laboratory, contrasting a traditional "plain" tokens baseline to treatments with "sophisticated" interest-bearing tokens. In the experiment, this theoretically beneficial innovation precluded the emergence of a stable monetary system, reducing trade and welfare. Similar problems emerged when sophisticated tokens complemented or replaced plain tokens. This evidence underscores the advantages of combining theoretical with experimental investigation to provide insights for payments systems innovation and policy design.

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【Keywords】digital currency; endogenous institutions; repeated games; CBDC

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.1111/jmcb.13015

【Author】 Glenn, Nicholas Reed, Robert

【Source】JOURNAL OF MONEY CREDIT AND BANKING

【影响因子】1.963

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】In recent years, the use of cryptocurrencies has increased. As these currencies continue to play a larger role, they eventually will be an important component of banking system activity. Moreover, in addition to the standard role of financial intermediaries to facilitate lending, intermediaries can be valuable firms that help provide safekeeping of tokens. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate these important functions in a microfounded model of monetary exchange. Furthermore, we also consider the possibility that central banks issue their own digital currencies that may affect the level of intermediation in the private banking system.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】cryptocurrency; monetary policy; central bank digital currency

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2023-03-13

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.1111/jmcb.13027