【Abstract】PurposeBlockchain technology has created possibilities for environmental supply chain sustainability and climate protection. However, because of its early development stage, users tend to resist the adoption of this new technology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of resistance on blockchain adoption intentions in the context of the foodservice industry. This study further explores if public pressures and climate change awareness could possibly weaken the negative relationships between blockchain resistance and adoption intentions. Design/methodology/approachData were collected from managers and full-time employees in the foodservice industry, using an online research panel survey. A structural equation model was developed and tested to examine the hypothesized relationships. Additionally, a multi-group analysis was performed to test the moderating roles of public pressures and climate change awareness. FindingsThe findings from this study confirmed that foodservice employees' characteristics, including traditional barriers, and blockchain technology factors, like perceived risk, are both significant in forming resistance to blockchain. This study also demonstrated the significant roles of internal and external stakeholders in weakening the negative associations between blockchain resistance and adoption intentions. Research limitations/implicationsThis study recommends that foodservice companies address how to reduce their employees' negative perceptions about changes imposed by blockchain adoption. This study also suggests the joint consideration of the pressures from internal and external stakeholders to provide continued insights into developing environmental practices for the foodservice industry. Originality/valueThis study extends the theoretical underpinning of the innovation resistance theory by incorporating the stakeholder theory as a strong foundation for understanding how external pressures and internal awareness may influence foodservice employees' responses to the implementation of blockchain technology to mitigate climate change.
【Abstract】E-commerce channels for additive manufacturing (ECAM) is an interface of democratizing manufacturing for large scale customized and flexible production. ECAM facilitates exchange of goods, services and information between key stakeholders viz. users, designers, additive manufacturer and customers. However, these systems are prone to threats viz. identity issues, currency exchange, innovation and ideation theft etc. Thus, a trusted technology is required to operationalize ECAM. Extant research suggests that Blockchain renders trust, sus-tainability and Supply Chain Resilience (SCRes) to host systems. However, leveraging Blockchain for a sus-tainable and SCRes ECAM has been negligible in the extant research. We use a Cognitive Analytics Management framework to assess the role of Blockchain in enhancing SCRes and Sustainability in ECAM. Value-Focussed Thinking is used in the Cognitive dimension to converge Blockchain Attributes with dimensions of SCRes and Sustainability. Fuzzy Cognitive Maps in Analytics dimension quantifies the impact of Blockchain adoption in ECAM. The practical contributions of this work are 1) encompassing stakeholder cognition for a sustainable and SCRes ECAM using blockchain 2) insights into design, coherence and integration aspects of blockchain for ECAM 3) a demonstration of a holistic and robust approach for optimal and shared value creation for stakeholders.
【Keywords】E-commerce channels for additive; commerce and additive manufacturing; Technology assessment framework for; disruption and optimal value creation; Supply Chain Resilience (SCRes) &; response along with balanced social economic; and environmental premises; business and design considerations for; blockchain technology adoption in a SCRes and; sustainable ECAM; analysis approach for stakeholder interaction; and objective generation; approach for Scenario analysis for explorative; and evaluative assessment
【Abstract】In reality, it is difficult for some consumers to distinguish the attributes of green products according to the shopping experience or social trust. The blockchain has a transparent technical feature, which helps to enhance the shopping experience of consumers and identify the accurate attributes of product. In order to explore the condition of technical application, this study constructs the game-theoretical model to analyze the technical condition from the aspects of firms' profit, environmental benefit, and market effect, including two competitive manufacturers and a retailer. Moreover, this paper also investigates the equilibrium condition of government subsidy, consumer trust, and competition intensity, respectively. The main results are as follows. On the one hand, this paper finds the equilibrium condition based on specific conditions among firms. On the other hand, the study shows the equilibrium strategy with market effect, which has a feature of "four-high", including the high price, high quantity, high profit, and high environmental benefit. Based on these results, the paper discusses some managerial implications to guide blockchain technology and green technology of firms. The contribution of this study is the combinative analysis of blockchain technology transparency and the equilibrium strategy for the competitive manufacturers, which reveals the value of transparency and the value of blockchain service.
【Abstract】PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of travel cryptocurrency and stock markets over a long period during the pandemic. Design/methodology/approachA generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model was developed for 6 travel cryptocurrencies and the top 10 hotel, 7 airline and 26 restaurant stocks listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange. An event-study approach was applied to the emergence of the novel coronavirus and its variant, Omicron. Additionally, abnormal returns of the respective assets in response to such events were estimated. FindingsResults indicated that the travel cryptocurrency market did not respond to the early stage of the pandemic, but NASDAQ hotel, restaurant and airline stocks revealed abnormal negative returns when the pandemic manifested in the USA. Upon the official US declaration of a pandemic, both cryptocurrencies and tourism stocks showed abnormal negative returns, but these were considerably greater among stocks than cryptocurrencies. Conversely, in response to the Omicron variant, only hotel, restaurant and airline stocks showed abnormal negative returns. Practical implicationsThese results imply that travel cryptocurrencies are a financial instrument independent of hotel, restaurant or airline stocks. Thus, adopting travel cryptocurrencies may help investors and businesses diversify risk during long-duration crises such as COVID-19. Originality/valueTo the best of the author's knowledge, this paper is the first empirical study to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the recently emerging travel cryptocurrency market using an event-study approach to investigate how it differs from tourism stock performances.
【Abstract】The integration between blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) has gained a lot of attention in recent years, especially since such integration can improve security, efficiency, and productivity of applications in business environments characterised by volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. In particular, supply chain is one of the areas that have been shown to benefit tremendously from blockchain and AI, by enhancing information and process resilience, enabling faster and more cost-efficient delivery of products, and augmenting products' traceability, among others. This paper performs a state-of-the-art review of blockchain and AI in the field of supply chains. More specifically, we sought to answer the following three principal questions: Q1-What are the current studies on the integration of blockchain and AI in supply chain?, Q2-What are the current blockchain and AI use cases in supply chain?, and Q3-What are the potential research directions for future studies involving the integration of blockchain and AI? The analysis performed in this paper has identified relevant research studies that have contributed both conceptually and empirically to the expansion and accumulation of intellectual wealth in the supply chain discipline through the integration of blockchain and AI.
【Abstract】Customers are facing quality uncertainty when purchasing though ecommerce platforms, which may hinder their purchase intention. The platform can use the traceability of blockchain technology to alleviate consumers' doubts. We construct a game theoretical model to investigate the issue of platform-leading blockchain adoption in a supply chain where heterogenous suppliers sell products through the platform. There are different selling modes depending on whether the platform cooperates with suppliers as a marketplace (agency contract) or a reseller (reselling contract) or both (hybrid contracts). We find that blockchain would be adopted to improve the efficiency of the supply chain when suppliers have enough capabilities to provide high-quality product regardless of selling modes. Furthermore, the platform's leadership in adopting blockchain benefits the entire supply chain. It stimulates the platform to provide subsidies for the capable suppliers to solve the incentive mismatch between suppliers and himself. We also make the comparison of blockchain adoption in different selling modes. In particular, we find that the platform is most likely to adopt blockchain when the supplier with higher quality management capability uses the agency contract and another supplier uses the reselling contract. If the suppliers use the same contract, the supply chain usually accepts a higher cost under the pure agency contract, however, it may not be true when the commission rate is very low and the upstream competition is relatively fierce.
【Abstract】Given the severe difficulties and challenges being faced during the current COVID-19 pandemic, agribusinesses must consider alternative means to market and sell agriproducts using e-commerce and advanced technologies. Agricultural e-commerce that utilizes advanced technologies can promote sustainable economic growth and gender equality and, therefore, helps achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. It also allows farmers access to new markets where they can bypass intermediaries, leading to higher income, less waste, and fresher produce for customers. The usefulness of using agricultural e-commerce depends on the efficiency of addressing the emerging challenges from merging perspectives of agricultural and e-commerce fields. Literature reviews addressed both fields from different perspectives, however, most literature addresses the agriculture and e-commerce fields separately, leading to unclarity in understanding the differences between agriproducts and other products. This study aims to present a comprehensive and robust roadmap of technological advancements and challenges in agricultural e-commerce through a thorough bibliometric and content analysis and provide a conceptual architecture for best practices. The bibliometric and content analysis sheds light on the agricultural e-commerce categories, challenges, and limitations. This study identifies the most influential research and topic trends, determines the topical discipline areas, and provides visions and directions for future research in the field of agricultural e-commerce. It discusses the challenges of agricultural e-commerce and agriproducts and how advanced technologies help solve such challenges. This study summarises the best practice implementation of agricultural e-commerce by providing strong logistics, implementing standardization, including information knowledge of agriproducts, and creating a traceability information system. The result of this paper is presented as a proposed conceptual architecture for agricultural e-commerce that addresses the abovementioned best practice concepts and utilizes the Blockchain and IoT technologies to provide innovative solutions for the agricultural e-commerce stakeholders. Finally, this study provides prospects for future research on advanced technologies in agricultural e-commerce.
【Abstract】Multiple benefits (submitting healthcare bills to one or more organizations) and data breaches (tampering of healthcare data by healthcare organization authorities) are typical frauds happening due to the centralization of authority in healthcare systems. Preventing multiple benefits and data breaches can greatly lessen the huge losses to healthcare systems. In this paper, we propose an extended lightweight blockchain (ELB) based collaborative healthcare system for decentralizing the authority in healthcare organizations. The proposed architecture is rigorously tested in avoiding multiple benefits and data breaches and compared with the state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results evidenced that the proposed ELB architecture can effectively avoid multiple benefits and data breaches with less computation and communication overheads.
【Abstract】Blockchain, a popular technology, remains the decentralized data management framework approved for use by many industries. The application to the insurance industry needs to offer mobility using the wireless network. The wireless network has many limitations to overcome. This paper focuses on such problems and introduces three levels of a solution to the problem. The first level is resolved using the edge computers as storage at the agencies and the partners. The second level of economic operation is solved by introducing a D2D network solution. The third level of high transactions over the network is considered using a two-stage optimization method. The introduced optimization algorithms are simulated, and results are compared with a classical step-by-step calculation method that is not feasible under real-time application. The optimization methods successfully determine the maximum channel rate with the interferences influencing the operation of such a system.
【Abstract】This work aims to strengthen tunnel construction, optimise construction quality, and improve the life safety of construction personnel and users under the effect that blockchain technology can improve the efficiency of information transmission and information security, and construct a blockchain-based architecture of the construction quality control system and physical architecture. On the premise of ensuring the traceability of the data, the established quality index system shall be used for intelligent evaluation of the construction quality. The test results show that: (1) when the distribution of quality status is abnormal, the probability of the quality assessment value for the qualification of steel bar quality inspection, the welding of the steel coupler and the qualification of constructors' skills all exceed 40%, which requires engineering quality diagnosis. (2) The changes in template quality assessment results under the three conditions are basically consistent with the steel bar quality. (3) The trend of concrete quality assessment results is similar to that of templates and steel bars. The main research contribution is to optimise the tunnel's construction quality control system and control the uncertain factors in the construction quality through the Bayesian network and blockchain technology and optimises the construction quality control system and construction information management.
【Abstract】The article addresses the legal design challenges of real estate crowdfunding, proposing potential solutions that combine blockchain technology, tokenisation, finance, and law. We propose a blockchain tokenised security design, based on a sertificate similar to Sukuk, an Islamic finance asset, that draws inspiration from Equipment Trust Certificates and is managed by a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV), that may issue blockchain tokenised certificates. These certificates grant rights related to an investment property. Each series of certificates represents specific property and will be a liability of the SPV that owns the property. In general, the tokens used resemble but remain categorically distinct from asset-backed securities. Their performance still depends on the underlying asset's performance. Most important, token owners do not become partners in the SPV but are granted fractional ownership and rights on the underlying property. The proposed token mechanism could prevent delays in the transaction process related to transferring ownership of a property. It could split at some point to allow for the creation of ownership and income rights. The proposed security design potentially protects investors' legal rights better without standard application of investors becoming partners in the SPV while shortening the transaction times, and increasing transparency and asset liquidity.
【Abstract】PurposeBlockchain technology has the potential to enhance information and knowledge management among members of the supply chain. This study aims to demonstrate the direct and indirect impact of blockchain adoption on achieving supply chain competitive advantage and improving innovation capabilities to achieve greater supply chain performance. Design/methodology/approachThe study opted for a quantitative research approach. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 284 respondents from various Jordanian manufacturing firms. Smart PLS software was used to conduct structural equation modelling to test the proposed hypotheses. FindingsThe analysis revealed that investing in and using blockchain-enabled supply chain applications improves the ability to achieve higher levels of productivity, lead times, customer service and relationships with supply chain members. Moreover, blockchain technology integration with supply chain management processes has a positive impact on innovative activities that support supply chain operations. Finally, blockchain adoption has enhanced supply chain performance by reducing transaction costs, improving customer service and increasing the speed of supply chain operations. Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides guidance for decision-makers and academicians on the use of blockchain adoption to improve supply chain performance. Future studies should use a larger sample size and random sampling techniques to achieve better generalizability of the results. Originality/valueThe study fulfils an identified gap in the application of blockchain technology to improving supply chain performance within a broader context that encompasses supply chain innovation capabilities and competitive advantage.
【Keywords】Blockchain; Information management; Supply chain performance; Innovation capabilities; Competitive advantage; Manufacturing; Other management related topics
【摘要】加密数字货币匿名性、去中心化、跨区域、全球“7*24”小时交易、监管缺乏等特性促使其市场操纵行为频发。同时，匿名网络社交平台和自动化交易机器人的盛行使得抬价出货操纵行为公开化和短暂化，传统监管手段已无法适用于加密数字货币市场。首先，采用无监督学习模型对加密数字货币交易所分钟级的价量数据进行建模，对异常的量价数据进行快速的监测和预警。然后通过网络实时爬虫技术获取网络社交平台中抬价出货操纵行为的文本信息，与交易所秒级订单数据匹配构建训练集和测试集，采用有监督学习模型对抬价出货操纵行为进行事后识别。模型结果显示：无监督学习模型监测抬价出货的准确率高达84.07%。有监督学习模型在测试集上的精准率和召回率分别为82%和93%，且有监督学习模型的AUC曲线（Area Under Roc Curve）得分为0.83。两种模型均为加密数字货币交易所监管抬价出货行为提供了相关参考。
