【Author】 Liu, Dongxiao Wu, Huaqing Huang, Cheng Ni, Jianbing Shen, Xuemin

【Source】IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS

【影响因子】13.081

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-交通领域

【Abstract】In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based collaborative credential management scheme for anonymous authentication in space-air-ground integrated vehicular networks (SAGVN), named SAG-BC. First, we build a consortium blockchain among service providers and design a distributed system setup (DSS) scheme to securely generate public parameters for issuing credentials. Second, we design a collaborative credential issuance (CCI) scheme to generate a succinct and easy-to-manage subscription credential. The credential can be used by users to access different access points in SAGVN efficiently without revealing true identities from the authentication messages. With co-designs of zero-knowledge proofs and succinct on-chain commitments, SAG-BC provides efficient verifiability and incentives for credential management operations in SAGVN. By doing so, expensive on-chain storage and computational overheads are reduced in the DSS and CCI. Finally, we conduct a thorough security analysis to demonstrate that SAG-BC achieves security and verifiability for credential management in SAGVN. We set up a real-world blockchain network and conduct extensive experiments to show the feasibility and efficiency of SAG-BC.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Authentication; Blockchains; Antenna arrays; Satellites; Collaboration; Base stations; Wireless communication; Blockchain; anonymous authentication; credential management; space-air-ground integrated vehicular networks (SAGVN)

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1109/JSAC.2022.3196091

【Author】 Mueller-Bloch, Christoph Andersen, Jonas Valbjorn Spasovski, Jason Hahn, Jungpil

【Source】EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS CCF-B

【影响因子】9.011

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制

【Abstract】Blockchain systems allow for securely keeping shared records of transactions in a decentralised way. This is enabled by algorithms called consensus mechanisms. Proof-of-work is the most prominent consensus mechanism, but environmentally unsustainable. Here, we focus on proof-of-stake, its best-known alternative. Importantly, decentralised decision-making power is not an inherent feature of blockchain systems, but a technological possibility. Numerous security incidents illustrate that decentralised control cannot be taken for granted. We therefore study how key parameters affect the degree of decentralisation in proof-of-stake blockchain systems. Based on a real-world implementation of a proof-of-stake blockchain system, we conduct agent-based simulations to study how a range of parameters impact decentralisation. The results suggest that high numbers of initial potential validator nodes, large transactions, a high number of transactions, and a very high or very low positive validator network growth rate increase decentralisation. We find weak support for an impact of changes in transaction fees and initial stake distributions. Our study highlights how blockchain challenges our understanding of decentralisation in information systems research, and contributes to understanding the governance mechanisms that lead to decentralisation in proof-of-stake blockchain systems as well as to designing proof-of-stake blockchain systems that are prone to decentralisation and therefore more secure.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; consensus mechanism; centralisation; decentralisation; decision-making power; governance

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1080/0960085X.2022.2125840

【Author】 Prajapati, Dhirendra Jauhar, Sunil Kumar Gunasekaran, Angappa Kamble, Sachin S. Pratap, Saurabh

【Source】COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

【影响因子】7.180

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-供应链

【Abstract】Blockchain and the internet of things (IoT) have accelerated e-commerce growth and empowered online businesses to create value even in a globally competitive environment. The goal of this study is to develop a framework for the virtual closed-loop supply chain (VCLSC) that is based on novel blockchain and IoT technologies, as well as the concepts of sustainability and circular economy. This study integrates the normal and virtual supply chains into a single framework. To maximise the total expected revenue (TER) from the VCLSC, the costs of getting raw materials and parts, transporting them with a carbon emission tax, handling, processing, and making final products, refurbishing, recycling, and virtualization are all taken into account. These include running blockchain and IoT facilities, buying RFID tags, ensuring security, and storing data in blockchain in a way that cannot be changed. The above costs are captured in a single mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model. The main objective is to maximise the TER by minimising the cost of the VCLSC network. For the solution purposes, the global solver in LINGO 19 software package is used. The obtained results and performed sensitivity analysis are used to make some implications for business organisations and government administrators to create some important policies in favour of the environment, end-users, and the development of the organisation along with the nation.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; Internet of Things; Virtual closed-loop supply chain (VCLSC); network; E-commerce; Circular economy

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1016/j.cie.2022.108530

【Author】 Xie, Mingyue Liu, Jun Chen, Shuyu Xu, Guangxia Lin, Mingwei

【Source】COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS

【影响因子】6.700

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制

【Abstract】This study proposes a primary node election method based on probabilistic linguistic term set (PLTS) for the practical Byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT) consensus mechanism to effectively enhance the efficiency of reaching consensus. Specifically, a novel concept of the probabilistic linguistic term set with a confidence interval (PLTS-CI) is presented to express the uncertain complex voting information of nodes during primary node election. Then, a novel score function based on the exponential semantic value and confidence approximation value for the PLTS-CI, called Score-ESCA, is used to solve the problems of comparing different nodes with various voting attitudes. This method helps select the node with the highest score by utilizing complex decision attitudes, making it an accurate primary node election solution. Furthermore, the feasibility of our proposed method is proved by both theoretical analysis and experimental evaluations.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; PBFT consensus mechanism; Primary node; Probabilistic linguistic term set; TOPSIS

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1007/s40747-022-00857-9

【Author】 Srivastava, Vikas Debnath, Sumit Kumar Bera, Basudeb Das, Ashok Kumar Park, Youngho Lorenz, Pascal

【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY

【影响因子】6.239

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-加密算法

【Abstract】The deployed vehicles in an Internet of Vehicles (IoV) can take intelligent decisions by means of exchanging the real-time traffic-related information between the vehicles and IoV infrastructures. This further reduces the probability of the traffic jams and accidents. However, the insecure (public) communication among the various entities in IoV makes various security threats and attacks that can be launched by passive/active adversaries present in the network. In view of this context, there is a need of an efficient cryptographic primitive which can produce single compact signature. A multi-signature scheme (MSS) empowers a collection of signers to conjointly sign a given message using a single compact signature that can be verified by any verifier. Herein, we put forward a new identity-based multivariate MSS, namely MV-MSS, which is built on top of the intractability of multivariate-quadratic (MQ) problem. The fact is that multivariate public key cryptosystem provides fast, post-quantum safe and efficient primitives, which makes it the front runner candidate among the post-quantum cryptographic candidates. MV-MSS is proven to be secure in the existential unforgeability under chosen-message and chosen identity attack model if solving the MQ problem is NP-hard. We then incorporate the designed MV-MSS in IoV application where the leader (cluster head) selected from a group of vehicles in a dynamic cluster forms the multi-signatures on the messages securely received from its member vehicles. Later, the messages along with their multi-signatures are forwarded to the nearby road-side unit (RSU) of the cluster head, which are then forwarded to a cloud server in the blockchain center maintained by a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) cloud servers network. In this way, the messages and their signatures considered as transactions are put in blocks and added into a public blockchain with the help of consensus algorithm. A comparative study among the proposed MV-MSS and other existing schemes shows that MV-MSS is efficient and secure as compared to other schemes. Finally, a blockchain implementation through simulation study has been performed to show its practical use in IoV application.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchains; Cryptography; Servers; Electronic mail; Roads; Aggregates; Vehicle dynamics; Internet of Vehicles (IoV); identity-based cryptography; multi-signature; Blockchain; consensus; security

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1109/TVT.2022.3176755

【Author】 Verma, Deepak Okhawilai, Manunya Dalapati, Goutam Kumar Ramakrishna, Seeram Sharma, Abhishek Sonar, Prashant Krishnamurthy, Satheesh Biring, Sajal Sharma, Mohit

【Source】POLYMER COMPOSITES

【影响因子】3.531

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-环境领域

【Abstract】From the environmental perspective, efficient plastic utilization and its recyclability become significant issues that need to be resolved for deploying urban and sustainable technologies. It is estimated that approximately 400 million tons of plastic are produced each year for different applications. This number will be doubled by 2050, which is a serious problem. The primary issue that arises in a recycling process is associated with optimum supply chain management. The comprehensive and transparent supply chain methodologies will help stockholders to make conclusive policies and precise strategies. Transparency in supply chain management assists in captivating planning, pricing, purchasing, and inventory management decisions. Environmental sustainability requires recycling, which should have innovative concepts like Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Block-chain Technology. Manual methods of sorting and segregating the waste have outdated and not much efficient. The inclusion of AI and Blockchain Technology brought a revolution by increasing the efficiency and accuracy of the recycling process. This critical review focused on recycling plastics and plastic waste using AI and Blockchain Technology. Various plastic regulation policies and AI utilization for plastic recycling are discussed. An overview of the blockchain and its classification for waste management or plastic recycling has been discussed. The utilization of Blockchain Technology for a plastic circular economy, its types, and critical benefits has also been systematically demonstrated.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】artificial intelligence; Blockchain technology; plastic circular economy; plastic recycling

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.1002/pc.27054

【Author】 Rangwani, Diksha Om, Hari

【Source】PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKING AND APPLICATIONS CCF-C

【影响因子】3.488

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-物联网

【Abstract】The Internet of Things (IoT), a popular technology that has revolutionized the concept of smart gadgets by bringing the world together, uses the Internet to connect the simplest devices to the most sophisticated. IoT covers a wide range of topics, from simple ones like shopping and smart devices to more complex ones like automated manufacturing and the digital healthcare system. The equipment used in these fields communicates with one another over the Internet, an open platform vulnerable to security concerns. Many protocols for securing IoT communications have been devised; however, they have failed to provide the essential security strength against impersonation, replaying, intrusion and obstruction. As a result, authenticating the IoT users and safeguarding the communications carried out by IoT devices are critical. As a result, we propose a Four-Factor Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol for Internet of Things in this article. The Burrows-Abadi-Needham (BAN) logic, the Real-Or-Random (ROR) model, and informal security analysis demonstrate the protocol's soundness. The protocol's robustness against multiple threats is demonstrated using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool. Finally, the protocol's effectiveness in the real world is ensured through its performance evaluation.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; Internet of Things; Four-factor authentication; Elliptic curve cryptography

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1007/s12083-022-01382-9

【Author】 Gopalakrishna, Chandini Avula Basarkod, Prabhugoud, I

【Source】TRANSACTIONS ON EMERGING TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES

【影响因子】3.310

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-加密算法

【Abstract】Handling electronic health records from the Internet of Medical Things is one of the most challenging research areas as it consists of sensitive information, which targets attackers. Also, dealing with modern healthcare systems is highly complex and expensive, requiring much secured storage space. However, blockchain technology can mitigate these problems through improved health record management. The proposed work develops a scalable, lightweight framework based on blockchain technology to improve COVID-19 data security, scalability and patient privacy. Initially, the COVID-19 related data records are hashed using the enhanced Merkle tree data structure. The hashed values are encrypted by lattice based cryptography with a Homomorphic proxy re-encryption scheme in which the input data are secured. After completing the encryption process, the blockchain uses inter planetary file system to store secured information. Finally, the Proof of Work concept is utilized to validate the security of the input COVID based data records. The proposed work's experimental setup is performed using the Python tool. The performance metrics like encryption time, re-encryption time, decryption time, overall processing time, and latency prove the efficacy of the proposed schemes.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1002/ett.4653

【Author】 Gai, Tiantian Cao, Mingshuo Chiclana, Francisco Zhang, Zhen Dong, Yucheng Herrera-Viedma, Enrique Wu, Jian

【Source】GROUP DECISION AND NEGOTIATION

【影响因子】2.928

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制

【Abstract】This paper proposes a consensus-trust driven framework of bidirectional interaction for social network large-group decision making. Firstly, the concepts of interaction consensus threshold and interaction trust threshold are defined, which are used to discriminate the interaction modes between subgroups into four categories. Corresponding hybrid feedback strategies are designed in which the consensus level and trust level of subgroups are regarded as reliable resources to facilitate the achievement of group consensus. Secondly, a minimum adjustment bidirectional feedback model considering cohesion is developed to help the interacting subgroups reach mutual consensus with minimum opinion modification. Finally, the proposed consensus framework is applied to a blockchain platform selection problem in supply chain to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the model.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Social network large-group decision making; Consensus; Feedback mechanism; Bidirectional interaction; Trust

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1007/s10726-022-09798-7

【Author】 Ding, Xiaoqiang Zhao, Liushun Luo, Lailong Xie, Junjie Guo, Deke Li, Jinxi

【Source】FRONTIERS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE CCF-B

【影响因子】2.669

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-区块传输

【Abstract】Block synchronization is an essential component of blockchain systems. Traditionally, blockchain systems tend to send all the transactions from one node to another for synchronization. However, such a method may lead to an extremely high network bandwidth overhead and significant transmission latency. It is crucial to speed up such a block synchronization process and save bandwidth consumption. A feasible solution is to reduce the amount of data transmission in the block synchronization process between any pair of peers. However, existing methods based on the Bloom filter or its variants still suffer from multiple roundtrips of communications and significant synchronization delay. In this paper, we propose a novel protocol named Gauze for fast block synchronization. It utilizes the Cuckoo filter (CF) to discern the transactions in the receiver's mempool and the block to verify, providing an efficient solution to the problem of set reconciliation in the P2P (Peer-to-Peer Network) network. By up to two rounds of exchanging and querying the CFs, the sending node can acknowledge whether the transactions in a block are contained by the receiver's mempool or not. Based on this message, the sender only needs to transfer the missed transactions to the receiver, which speeds up the block synchronization and saves precious bandwidth resources. The evaluation results show that Gauze outperforms existing methods in terms of the average processing latency (about 10x lower than Graphene) and the total synchronization space cost (about 10x lower than Compact Blocks) in different scenarios.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】block synchronization; cuckoo filter; probabilistic data structure

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1007/s11704-022-1685-5

【Author】 Ahmad, Israr Abdullah, Saima Ahmed, Adeel

【Source】JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING

【影响因子】2.557

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】Real-time tracking and surveillance of patients' health has become ubiquitous in the healthcare sector as a result of the development of fog, cloud computing, and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Medical IoT (MIoT) equipment often transfers health data to a pharmaceutical data center, where it is saved, evaluated, and made available to relevant stakeholders or users. Fog layers have been utilized to increase the scalability and flexibility of IoT-based healthcare services, by providing quick response times and low latency. Our proposed solution focuses on an electronic healthcare system that manages both critical and non-critical patients simultaneously. Fog layer is distributed into two halves: critical fog cluster and non-critical fog cluster. Critical patients are handled at critical fog clusters for quick response, while non-critical patients are handled using blockchain technology at non-critical fog cluster, which protects the privacy of patient health records. The suggested solution requires little modification to the current IoT ecosystem while decrease the response time for critical messages and offloading the cloud infrastructure. Reduced storage requirements for cloud data centers benefit users in addition to saving money on construction and operating expenses. In addition, we examined the proposed work for recall, accuracy, precision, and F-score. The results show that the suggested approach is successful in protecting privacy while retaining standard network settings. Moreover, suggested system and benchmark are evaluated in terms of system response time, drop rate, throughput, fog, and cloud utilization. Evaluated results clearly indicate the performance of proposed system is better than benchmark.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Healthcare 4; 0; Message scheduling; Wireless sensor networks

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1007/s11227-022-04788-7

【Author】 Sober, Michael Sigwart, Marten Frauenthaler, Philipp Spanring, Christof Kobelt, Max Schulte, Stefan

【Source】CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS

【影响因子】2.303

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-跨链与多链

【Abstract】Today, several solutions for cross-blockchain asset transfers exist. However, these solutions are either tailored to specific assets or neglect finality guarantees that prevent assets from getting lost in transit. In this paper, we present a cross-blockchain asset transfer protocol that supports arbitrary assets, is adaptable to different means of cross-blockchain communication, and adheres to requirements such as finality. The ability to freely transfer assets between blockchains may increase transaction throughput and provide developers with more flexibility by allowing them to design digital assets that leverage the capacities and capabilities of multiple blockchains. We define the general requirements and specifications for a cross-blockchain asset transfer protocol and provide a proof-of-concept implementation for EVM-based blockchains. Further, we evaluate the protocol concerning costs, transfer duration, and security.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain interoperability; Decentralized asset transfers; Cross-blockchain communication; Digital assets

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-09-30

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1007/s10586-022-03737-6