【Author】 Duan, Sisi Zhang, Haibin

【Source】NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW

【影响因子】23.178

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制

【Abstract】This perspective highlights some recent progress on the research of Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) consensus protocol in the era of blockchains, including both partially synchronous BFT and asynchronous BFT protocols, their fundamental building blocks, and their variants.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1093/nsr/nwac132

【Author】 Chitsazan, Hasti Bagheri, Afsaneh Tajeddin, Mahdi

【Source】TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE

【影响因子】10.884

【主题类别】

区块链应用-虚拟经济-ICO

【Abstract】Initial coin offerings (ICOs) have recently experienced an explosive expansion in entrepreneurial finance. This novel, crowd-based funding method has successfully attracted tremendous amounts of funds for both new ventures and established businesses. A growing body of research has explored the factors that shape ICO success, yet few studies have synthesized and integrated the findings of the fragmented literature. This paper incorporates signaling theory and a phase-based view of the ICO process to systematically review 78 empirical studies, published between January 2017 and January 2022, on the conceptualization, theories and determinants of ICO success. The review explores six main determinants of ICO success: the founder, ICO, venture, market, investors, and context. The founder initiates the ICO process by deliberately selecting this method for funding their business and choosing the type and quality of signals that both encourage investors and guide their decision to participate in and support the ICO project in different contexts. Based on this review, we develop a model for ICO success, tracking success determinants in each phase of the ICO process. Finally, we highlight agendas for future studies and implications for policy, theory, and practice development.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Business fundraising; Entrepreneurial finance; Cryptocurrency; Initial coin offering (ICO) success; ICO structure

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121729

【Author】 Alsamhi, Saeed Hamood Shvetsov, Alexey, V Kumar, Santosh Hassan, Jahan Alhartomi, Mohammed A. Shvetsova, Svetlana, V Sahal, Radhya Hawbani, Ammar

【Source】DRONES

【影响因子】5.532

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-无人机领域

【Abstract】Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly being used in a high-computation paradigm enabled with smart applications in the Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) wireless communication networks. These networks have an avenue for generating a considerable amount of heterogeneous data by the expanding number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in smart environments. However, storing and processing massive data with limited computational capability and energy availability at local nodes in the IoT network has been a significant difficulty, mainly when deploying Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to extract discriminatory information from the massive amount of data for different tasks.Therefore, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has evolved as a promising computing paradigm leveraged with efficient technology to improve the quality of services of edge devices and network performance better than cloud computing networks, addressing challenging problems of latency and computation-intensive offloading in a UAV-assisted framework. This paper provides a comprehensive review of intelligent UAV computing technology to enable 6G networks over smart environments. We highlight the utility of UAV computing and the critical role of Federated Learning (FL) in meeting the challenges related to energy, security, task offloading, and latency of IoT data in smart environments. We present the reader with an insight into UAV computing, advantages, applications, and challenges that can provide helpful guidance for future research.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】UAVs; UAV computing; AI; federated learning; B5G; Industry 4; 0; MEC; smart environment; IoT

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/drones6070177

【Author】 Himeur, Yassine Sohail, Shahab Saquib Bensaali, Faycal Amira, Abbes Alazab, Mamoun

【Source】COMPUTERS & SECURITY CCF-B

【影响因子】5.105

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-预言机

【Abstract】With the widespread use of Internet of things (IoT), mobile phones, connected devices and artificial intelligence (AI), recommender systems (RSs) have become a booming technology because of their capability to analyze big data and shape users' habits through well-designed, contextual, and engaging recommendations. Novel generations of RSs have been developed based on the latest AI and machine learning (ML) technologies such as big data RSs, ML-based RSs, explainable RSs, fusion-based RSs, etc. However, the characteristics of modern RSs raise new security and privacy issues because of the sensitivity of users' data and its vulnerability to being illegally accessed. Moreover, there is a lack of thorough reviews that explain the current privacy and security challenges in RSs and where the actual research is heading. To overcome these issues, this paper sheds light on the existing security and privacy concerns in modern RSs. It provides a comprehensive survey of recent research efforts on security and privacy preservation in RSs. Typically, the security and privacy aspects in advanced RSs and the latest contributions are first discussed based on a well-defined taxonomy. Next, the applications of secure and privacy-preserving RSs are studied. Moving forward, a critical analysis is conducted to (i) highlight the merits and drawbacks of existing frameworks and (ii) draw the essential findings. Lastly, future directions that attract significant research and development attention are explained. (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Recommender systems; Security and privacy; Trust; Authentication; Malicious attacks; Blockchain

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1016/j.cose.2022.102746

【Author】 Ali, Sura I. Mohammed Farouk, Haitham Sharaf, Hussien

【Source】EGYPTIAN INFORMATICS JOURNAL

【影响因子】4.195

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-公共管理

【Abstract】Blockchain stores a series of transactions in form of a sequence of linked blocks. Hence, the concept of a single decentralized ledger is easily maintained. Transactions and interactions that take place among the participants accessing the distributed and decentralized but cooperative blockchain network are held through a single ledger. A student information system (SIS) can make use of a decentralized, reliable, and highly trusted ledger that stores vital information. Traditional education systems encounter problems such as centralized record keeping where fault tolerance depends on a single cloud provider; not to mention locally hosted databases. The implementation of blockchain in the education sector provides a new horizon for set of non-functional requirements including but not limited to: security, immutability, independence from the institution, immutability of official records and certificates. In addition, total trust in the accuracy and infallibility are all gathered in the decentralized ledgers of blockchain. The proposed models emphasize on the data availability; represented in students' ability to access all of their data at any time. This paper proposes three models for using blockchains to implement fully functional SIS that maintains transactions such as students' and faculty members' records, course registration records and student marks. In addition, avoiding the role of a super administrator or a centralized exposed store where data integrity is vulnerable. Using the proposed models pushes towards an electronic community where genuine certificates can be easily issued and published to the interested parties without the need for involving a centralized administration. (C) 2022 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Faculty of Computers and Information, Cairo University.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; Student information system (SIS); Decentralized ledger; Transactions; Permissioned and permissioned-less consensus network; Stateful and stateless data

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1016/j.eij.2021.12.002

【Author】 Yogarajah, Yathukulan

【Source】ECONOMY AND SOCIETY

【影响因子】4.182

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】People within the cryptocurrency world come together on imageboards and forums to tell stories about the highly volatile and uncertain world they inhabit. Although they engage with a highly technical digital money form, the stories they share online could be more productively analysed as digital folklore. Through ethnography primarily conducted via 4chan and Reddit, I highlight three types of stories, loosely grouped together within the categories of 'despair', 'comedy' and 'courage'. Drawing parallels to folk and fairy tales, I explore how 'netizens' use these stories to engage with the uncertainty that characterizes cryptocurrencies. Consequently, I highlight how stories come to make the online cryptocurrency world more inhabitable, as well as allowing people to subvert and resist 'economic reason'. By foregrounding storytelling, I highlight the fluid, intersubjective and collective actions that help to sustain a volatile and uncertain market that is favourable for those who take to online message boards.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】cryptocurrency; speculation; hodling; storytelling; money; memes

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.1080/03085147.2022.2091316

【Author】 Appasani, Bhargav Mishra, Sunil Kumar Jha, Amitkumar, V Mishra, Santosh Kumar Enescu, Florentina Magda Sorlei, Ioan Sorin Birleanu, Fernando Georgel Takorabet, Noureddine Thounthong, Phatiphat Bizon, Nicu

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-能源领域

【Abstract】The conventional electrical grid is undergoing substantial growth for reliable grid operation and for more efficient and sustainable energy use. The traditional grid is now metamorphosing into a smart grid (SG) that incorporates a diverse, heterogeneous blend of operating measures such as smart appliances, meters, and renewable energy resources. With better efficient results and dependability, the SG can be described as a modern electric power grid architecture. The SG is one of the greatest potential advances as a promising solution for the energy crisis. However, it is complex and its decentralization could be of tremendous benefit. Moreover, digitalization and integration of a large number of growing connections make it a target of cyber-attacks. In this sense, blockchain is a promising SG paradigm solution that offers several excellent features. There has been considerable effort put into using blockchains in the smart grid for its decentralization and enhanced cybersecurity; however, it has not been thoroughly studied in both application and architectural perspectives. An in-depth study was conducted on blockchain-enabled SG applications. Blockchain architectures for various applications, such as the synchrophasor applications, electric vehicles, energy management systems, etc., were proposed. The purpose of this article is to provide directions for future research efforts aimed at secure and decentralized SG applications using blockchain.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】smart grid; blockchain; smart contracts; cybersecurity; microgrids; electric vehicles; energy transactions; energy management; smart cities; advanced metering infrastructure; home automation; smart homes

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.3390/su14148801

【Author】 Liu, Guandong Fan, Na Wu, Chase Q. Zou, Xiaomin

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-交通领域

【Abstract】Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) aim to provide a comfortable driving experience. Sharing messages in VANETs can help with traffic management, congestion mitigation, and driving safety. However, forged or false messages may undermine the efficiency of VANETs. In this paper, we propose a security scheme based on blockchain technology, where two types of blockchain are constructed based on roadside units (RSUs) and Certificate Authorities (CAs), respectively. The proposed security scheme has multifold goals to identify malicious nodes and detect forged messages based on multiple factors, such as reputation of sender nodes, and time and distance effectiveness of messages. In addition, an incentive mechanism is introduced on the RSU blockchain to encourage RSUs to adopt active behaviors. Extensive simulations show that the proposed scheme exhibits superior performances to existing methods in detecting forged messages and identifying malicious nodes. Meanwhile, it provides privacy protection and improves the efficiency of vehicular networks.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】vehicular networks; detection of messages; blockchain; consensus mechanism; privacy protection

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 实证数据

【DOI】 10.3390/s22145361

【Author】 Khalil, Usman Malik, Owais Ahmed Uddin, Mueen Chen, Chin-Ling

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-物联网

【Abstract】Smart devices have become an essential part of the architectures such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), and Internet of Everything (IoE). In contrast, these architectures constitute a system to realize the concept of smart cities and, ultimately, a smart planet. The adoption of these smart devices expands to different cyber-physical systems in smart city architecture, i.e., smart houses, smart healthcare, smart transportation, smart grid, smart agriculture, etc. The edge of the network connects these smart devices (sensors, aggregators, and actuators) that can operate in the physical environment and collects the data, which is further used to make an informed decision through actuation. Here, the security of these devices is immensely important, specifically from an authentication standpoint, as in the case of unauthenticated/malicious assets, the whole infrastructure would be at stake. We provide an updated review of authentication mechanisms by categorizing centralized and distributed architectures. We discuss the security issues regarding the authentication of these IoT-enabled smart devices. We evaluate and analyze the study of the proposed literature schemes that pose authentication challenges in terms of computational costs, communication overheads, and models applied to attain robustness. Hence, lightweight solutions in managing, maintaining, processing, and storing authentication data of IoT-enabled assets are an urgent need. From an integration perspective, cloud computing has provided strong support. In contrast, decentralized ledger technology, i.e., blockchain, light-weight cryptosystems, and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based solutions, are the areas with much more to explore. Finally, we discuss the future research challenges, which will eventually help address the ambiguities for improvement.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】smart device; smart city; blockchain; decentralized ledger technology (DLT); cyber-physical system; internet of things; IoT; security; authentication

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/s22145168

【Author】 Kang, Peng Yang, Wenzhong Zheng, Jiong

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-文化领域

【Abstract】Under the current national network environment, anyone can participate in publishing. As an important information resource, knowledge files reflect the workload of publishers. Moreover, high-quality knowledge files can promote the progress of society. However, pirated inferior files have the opposite effect. At present, most organizations use centralized servers to centrally manage the knowledge files released by users. In addition, it is necessary to introduce an untrusted third party to examine and encrypt the contents of files, which leads to an opaque process of file storage transactions, tampering with intellectual copyright, and the inability to have consistent systems of file management among institutions due to the lack of uniform standards for the same intellectual files. The purpose of this paper is to ensure the safe storage of knowledge files on the one hand and to realize efficient sharing of copyrighted files on the other hand. Therefore, this paper combines NDN (Named Data Network) technology with a distributed blockchain and an Interplanetary File System (IPFS) and proposes a blockchain knowledge file storage and sharing method based on an NDN. The method uses the NDN itself for the file content signature and encryption, thereby separating the file security and transmission process. At the same time, the method uses a flexible NDN reverse path forwarding and routing strategy, combining an IPFS private storage network to improve the safety of the encrypted data storage security. Finally, the method takes advantage of all participating nodes consensus and shares files in the synchronized blockchain to ensure traceability. This paper introduces the structure and principles of the method and describes the process of file upload and transfer. Finally, the performance of the method is compared and evaluated, and the advantages and disadvantages of the method and the future research direction are summarized.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; decentralization; NDN; IPFS; shared storage

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.3390/s22145100

【Author】 Gupta, Manik Kumar, Rakesh Shekhar, Shashi Sharma, Bhisham Patel, Ram Bahadur Jain, Shaily Ben Dhaou, Imed Iwendi, Celestine

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-交通领域

【Abstract】The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a new paradigm for vehicular networks. Using diverse access methods, IoV enables vehicles to connect with their surroundings. However, without data security, IoV settings might be hazardous. Because of the IoV's openness and self-organization, they are prone to malevolent attack. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a revolutionary blockchain-enabled game theory-based authentication mechanism for securing IoVs. Here, a three layer multi-trusted authorization solution is provided in which authentication of vehicles can be performed from initial entry to movement into different trusted authorities' areas without any delay by the use of Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) in the beginning and later through duel gaming, and a dynamic Proof-of-Work (dPoW) consensus mechanism. Formal and informal security analyses justify the framework's credibility in more depth with mathematical proofs. A rigorous comparative study demonstrates that the suggested framework achieves greater security and functionality characteristics and provides lower transaction and computation overhead than many of the available solutions so far. However, these solutions never considered the prime concerns of physical cloning and side-channel attacks. However, the framework in this paper is capable of handling them along with all the other security attacks the previous work can handle. Finally, the suggested framework has been subjected to a blockchain implementation to demonstrate its efficacy with duel gaming to achieve authentication in addition to its capability of using lower burdened blockchain at the physical layer, which current blockchain-based authentication models for IoVs do not support.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Internet of Vehicles; security; authentication; game theory; physical unclonable functions; duel game; stochastic duel game; blockchain

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.3390/s22145119

【Author】 Gai, Weidong Gu, Yue Qin, Jiaming

【Source】COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE

【影响因子】3.120

【主题类别】

区块链应用-虚拟经济-金融领域

【Abstract】Blockchain (BC) maintains a continuously growing database in a "decentralized" way, and its impact on the financial auditing industry is becoming increasingly significant. This paper aims to study the research on financial automation auditing methods supported by blockchain technology and proposes the related concepts of blockchain technology, hash function, financial auditing analysis, and the impact of BP Neural Network (BPNN) and its algorithms on financial automation auditing methods. Simultaneously, this paper likewise disperses the poll overview to definite individuals, for example, endeavor, monetary work force, focus and ranking directors, university researchers, and specialists, who have pragmatic support in the execution and use of monetary review. The experimental results of this paper show that speculation based on the interconnected environment is the most basic natural factor for understanding this idea, and its score is also the largest at 4.36 points.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 实证数据

【DOI】 10.1155/2022/9941585

【Author】 Chen, Haibo Liang, Daolei

【Source】ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION

【影响因子】3.099

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-分布式存储

【Abstract】In various applications of blockchain, how to index spatio-temporal data more efficiently has become a subject of continuous attention. The existing spatio-temporal data query in the blockchain is realized by adding additional external storage or fixed spatio-temporal index in the block, without considering the distribution of the spatio-temporal query itself and the proof performance accompanying the query. We propose an adaptive spatio-temporal blockchain index method, called Verkle AR*-tree, which adds the verification of time and location in the blockchain without additional storage and realizes the spatio-temporal index with an encrypted signature. Verkle AR*-tree further provides an adaptive algorithm, which adjusts the tree structure according to the historical query to produce the optimized index structure. The experimental results based on the pokeman dataset show that compared with the existing static spatio-temporal index, our method can effectively increase the performance of the spatio-temporal query and the spatio-temporal commitment in the blockchain.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; spatio-temporal index; Verkle AR*-tree; adaptive query

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 实证数据

【DOI】 10.3390/ijgi11070409

【Author】 Gehlot, Anita Malik, Praveen Kumar Singh, Rajesh Akram, Shaik Vaseem Alsuwian, Turki

【Source】APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

【影响因子】2.838

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-农牧领域

【Abstract】An intelligent ecosystem with real-time wireless technology is now playing a key role in meeting the sustainability requirements set by the United Nations. Dairy cattle are a major source of milk production all over the world. To meet the food demand of the growing population with maximum productivity, it is necessary for dairy farmers to adopt real-time monitoring technologies. In this study, we will be exploring and assimilating the limitless possibilities for technological interventions in dairy cattle to drastically improve their ecosystem. Intelligent systems for sensing, monitoring, and methods for analysis to be used in applications such as animal health monitoring, animal location tracking, milk quality, and supply chain, feed monitoring and safety, etc., have been discussed briefly. Furthermore, generalized architecture has been proposed that can be directly applied in the future for breakthroughs in research and development linked to data gathering and the processing of applications through edge devices, robots, drones, and blockchain for building intelligent ecosystems. In addition, the article discusses the possibilities and challenges of implementing previous techniques for different activities in dairy cattle. High computing power-based wearable devices, renewable energy harvesting, drone-based furious animal attack detection, and blockchain with IoT assisted systems for the milk supply chain are the vital recommendations addressed in this study for the effective implementation of the intelligent ecosystem in dairy cattle.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】animal health; block chain; dairy cattle; IoT; ML; sustainability

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.3390/app12147316

【Author】 Dahmane, Sofiane Yagoubi, Mohamed Bachir Brik, Bouziane Kerrache, Chaker Abdelaziz Tavares Calafate, Carlos Lorenz, Pascal

【Source】ELECTRONICS

【影响因子】2.690

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-物联网

【Abstract】Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained increasing attention in boosting the performance of conventional networks due to their small size, high efficiency, low cost, and autonomously nature. The amalgamation of UAVs with both distributed/collaborative Deep Learning (DL) algorithms, such as Federated Learning (FL), and Blockchain technology have ushered in a new paradigm of Secure Multi-Access Edge Computing (S-MEC). Indeed, FL enables UAV devices to leverage their sensed data to build local DL models. The latter are then sent to a central node, e.g., S-MEC node, for aggregation, in order to generate a global DL model. Therefore, FL enables UAV devices to collaborate during several FL rounds in generating a learning model, while avoiding to share their local data, and thus ensuring UAVs' privacy. However, UAV devices are usually limited in terms of resources such as battery, memory, and CPU. Some of the UAV devices may not be able to build a local learning models due to their resources capacity. Hence, there is a great need to select the adequate UAVs at each FL round, that are able to build a local DL model based on their resource capacities. In this paper, we design a novel and S-MEC-enabled framework that optimizes the selection of UAV participants at each FL training round, named FedSel. FedSel considers the available UAVs along with their resource capacities, in terms of energy, CPU, and memory, to determine which UAV device is able to participant in the FL process. Thus, we formulate the UAV selection problem as an Integer Linear Program, which considers the aforementioned constraints. We also prove that this problem is NP-hard, and suggest a Tabu Search (TS) metaheuristic-based approach to resolve it. Moreover, FedSel is built on top of blockchain technology, in order to ensure a secure selection of UAV participants, and hence building reliable FL-based models. Simulation results validate the efficiency of our FedSel scheme in balancing computational load among available UAVs and optimizing the UAV selection process.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】UAV networks; Federated Deep Learning; UAVs selection; blockchain; edge computing

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 实证数据

【DOI】 10.3390/electronics11142119

【Author】 Hsu, Ching-Hsien Alavi, Amir H. Li, He

【Source】EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY

【影响因子】2.633

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-教育领域

【Abstract】In a smart educational environment, the significant challenges faced by its stakeholders are trust, privacy, and transparency-related issues in sharing and retrieval of any information. Since blockchain is a sole technology provides extraordinary features such as decentralization, traceability, and immutability; integrating this technology in a smart educational environment it can overcome all the technical risks, potential threats, and privacy concerns. This special issue aims at presenting the current state-of-the-art research and future trends on various aspects of the implementation of blockchain technologies that address the gaps prevailing in copyright and credential related issues, which can be seen as a promising sign for any virtual or innovative developments in teaching and learning platform. Papers selected for this special issue represent recent progress in the field, including works on VR Assisted Learning Environment, Secure Scoring Mechanism for Online Learning, Psychological Distance of Online Education.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; Smart education; Virtual reality; Online learning; Education theory

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 编辑社论

【DOI】

【Author】 Kao, Yu-Cheng Shen, Kao-Yi Lee, San-Ting Shieh, Joseph C. P.

【Source】MATHEMATICS

【影响因子】2.592

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-市场分析

【Abstract】Many banks are eager to adopt technology solutions to enhance operational efficiency in managing supply chain finance, which involves various participants and complex financial activities. Previous research either focuses on the technology aspect or the optimization of a supply chain; there is little specific guidance on how banks can form a holistic model to evaluate their Fintech strategy for supply chain finance. By using an integrated approach, this study adopted the decision- making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and several analytical methods to construct a hybrid decision model for banks. We concluded four plausible Fintech strategies from previous research and highlighted the advantages of the blockchain-based strategy. We used a domestic bank in Taiwan as a case study during the evaluation phase and implemented crisp and confidence-based fuzzy assessments. The result indicates that the blockchain-based leading strategy would be ideal for this bank. The hybrid decision model also unveils the complicated relationships among those evaluation factors, which sheds light on banks pursuing their innovation in financial services. The findings contribute to banks developing their Fintech-based supply chain financing business, and the supply chain participants may also benefit from securing efficient loans to expedite their operations.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】supply chain finance; banking; blockchain; Fintech; hybrid multiple criteria decision-making; fuzzy set theory

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/math10142393

【Author】 Andres Aponte-Novoa, Fredy Villanueva-Polanco, Ricardo

【Source】MATHEMATICS

【影响因子】2.592

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制

【Abstract】Consensus protocols are a fundamental part of any blockchain; although several protocols have been in operation for several years, they still have drawbacks. For instance, some may be susceptible to a 51% attack, also known as a majority attack, which may suppose a high risk to the trustworthiness of the blockchains. Although this attack is theoretically possible, executing it in practice is often regarded as arduous because of the premise that, with sufficiently active members, it is not 'straightforward' to have much computing power. Since it represents a possible vulnerability, the community has made efforts to solve this and other blockchain problems, which has resulted in the birth of alternative consensus protocols, e.g., the proof of accuracy protocol. This paper presents a detailed proposal of a proof-of-accuracy protocol. It aims to democratize the miners' participation within a blockchain, control the miners' computing power, and mitigate the majority attacks.

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【Keywords】alternative consensus protocols; blockchain; consensus protocol; proof of accuracy

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.3390/math10142504

【Author】 Tan Xing-Hong Fu Lu-Xia Zhang Zhuang Tan Liang

【Source】SECURITY AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS CCF-C

【影响因子】1.968

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-挖矿策略

【Abstract】Blockchain is becoming increasingly popular and has received extensive attention in various fields. In a proof-of-work-based blockchain, miners usually choose to join a mining pool for mining to gain revenue. Different mining pools may use other payment mechanisms, and each miner can earn different revenues in different pools. There are currently four common payment mechanisms used by mining pools to distribute mining revenue, namely, PPS, PPLNS, PPS+, and FPPS, and there are no relevant research results on the selection strategies of these four payment mechanisms. To this end, this paper models the pool selection problem as a risky decision problem and proposes the selection strategies of these four mining pool payment mechanisms. Firstly, miners' income under the four payment mechanisms is given; then, a mining pool selection strategy based on the change of computing power is constructed based on the Laplace criterion; finally, the proposed strategy is verified and analyzed by simulation. The experiments show that the proposed mining pool selection strategy is effective. The results of this paper can provide an essential reference for miners when making pool selection decisions.

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【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1155/2022/8265140

【Author】 Reegu, Faheem Ahmad Abas, Hafiza Jabbari, Abdoh Akmam, Rudzidatul Uddin, Mueen Wu, Chih-Ming Chen, Chin-Ling Khalaf, Osamah Ibrahim

【Source】SECURITY AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS CCF-C

【影响因子】1.968

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】A distributed ledger system blockchain proves to be worthy in the domain of healthcare due to its enormous applications and benefits. Peer-to-peer devolved transactions in an allocated way make the blockchain an efficient and modern tool to be utilized in healthcare as a solution to problems and challenges. The traditional healthcare system utilizes classical approaches to manage and maintain the EHR and cross-domain implementation. Therefore, a systematic investigation is necessary to find the current research trends, challenges, and solutions to implement blockchain to address the challenges. The motivation of this study is to pave the way for future research to find more problem-specific solutions by implementing blockchain to make the healthcare system more robust. The presented systematic survey provides the visualization and graphical representation of current methodologies, challenges, and future directions. The bibliometric analysis has been performed on the published studies in Scopus from 2017 to 2021. The publication published in the first three months of 2021 in the domain of healthcare using blockchain has also been reviewed to find the latest trends in the blockchain. The study covers multiple challenges in the presented systematic literature review, especially the interoperability of blockchain-based systems in the healthcare domain. The presented study results show the top trending research topics, top-ranked authors, and top institutes focusing on blockchain around the world. The proposed study provides a baseline for future challenges and solutions related to blockchain implementation in healthcare.

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【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1155/2022/9227343

【Author】 Chen, Yan

【Source】MOBILE INFORMATION SYSTEMS

【影响因子】1.863

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-教育领域

【Abstract】In order to solve the problem of adding artificial intelligence and blockchain technology to education, the purpose of meeting the needs of combining artificial intelligence and blockchain technology with modern education is to make up for the lack of artificial intelligence in modern education, improve students' interest in learning, and cultivate high-quality students. Through practice and analysis in a chemistry class in an experimental school, samples were taken from 821 students in the third grade parallel class, and 39 teachers taught students in accordance with their aptitude; finally, from the average score statistics of the first and second inspections, it can be seen that the intelligent classroom teaching of chemistry has a certain effect on improving the average score of students in parallel classes in grade three.

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【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 实证数据

【DOI】 10.1155/2022/3231698

【Author】 Corte-Real, Ana Nunes, Tiago Santos, Clara da Cunha, Paulo Rupino

【Source】JOURNAL OF FORENSIC AND LEGAL MEDICINE

【影响因子】1.691

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】The increase of forcibly displaced people worldwide is a challenge for health systems and their ability to provide access and equity in Health as a universal right. Health information systems should be strengthened to collect and disseminate migrant health data enabling analytics for strategic decisions.This Viewpoint focuses on blockchain technology as an emergent digital tool to improve communication and overcome gaps in medical data sharing, conceptualizing a global health space. Anchored in the security, privacy, and medico-legal regulation of medical data, Blockchain technology would empower inter-organizational services or workflows, in real-time, by the users, inside and outside the national health systems, anywhere in the world. As an innovative approach, this Viewpoint highlights the future directions in IT-supported health.

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【Keywords】Blockchain; Migrants; Refugees; Health; Legal medicine

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-25

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102370