【Author】
Wang, Ping; Chen, Weiqian; Sun, Zhiwei
【Source】INFORMATION SCIENCES
【Abstract】Consensus algorithms are the core of blockchain technology, which can cause nodes to reach consistency or liveness when there are Byzantine nodes in the network. The generation of public randomness in decentralized networks has been significantly demanding and challenging in terms of the consensus mechanism. Previously, the multi-party random number generator (mRNG), which is a mechanism for creating a single value from the contributions of decentralized multiple parties, was mainly designed based on the verifiable random function. In this study, we first construct novel, efficient verifiable mRNG protocols from any one-way function. The protocols can achieve the properties of fairness, no trusted third party, public verifiability, and manipulation resistance. Subsequently, we propose a delegated PoS (DPoS)-based consensus algorithm that adopts the verifiable mRNG. The new algorithm can solve the problem of low fairness caused by the artificial election of master nodes using DPoS, while addressing the issue of manipulating the consensus process owing to the pseudo-random number generated by the traditional RNG, thereby improving the credibility of the consensus algorithm. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
【Keywords】Verifiable random function; Verifiable random number; Consensus algorithm; Decentralized random number generation; Hash chain
【摘要】共识算法是区块链技术的核心，当网络中有拜占庭节点时，可以使节点达到一致性或活跃性。就共识机制而言，去中心化网络中公共随机性的产生具有很高的要求和挑战性。此前，多方随机数生成器（mRNG）主要是基于可验证随机函数设计的，它是一种从分散的多方贡献中创建单个值的机制。在这项研究中，我们首先从任何单向函数构建新颖、高效的可验证 mRNG 协议。该协议可以实现公平、无可信第三方、可公开验证和抗操纵等特性。随后，我们提出了一种基于委托 PoS (DPoS) 的共识算法，该算法采用可验证的 mRNG。新算法可以解决DPoS人工选举主节点造成的公平性低的问题，同时解决传统RNG产生的伪随机数对共识过程的操纵问题，从而提高共识的可信度算法。 (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
【关键词】可验证的随机函数；可验证的随机数；共识算法；去中心化随机数生成；哈希链
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