【Author】
Huang, Yaodong; Zeng, Yiming; Ye, Fan; Yang, Yuanyuan
【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS
【Abstract】Edge computing is becoming pervasive in our daily lives with emerging smart devices and the development of communication technology. Smart devices with various resources make data transactions prevalent over edge environments. To ensure such transactions are unmodifiable and undeniable, blockchain technology is introduced into edge environments. In this paper, we propose a hybrid blockchain system to enhance the security for transactions and determine the incentive for miners in edge computing environments. We propose a Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS) hybrid consensus blockchain system utilizing the heterogeneity of devices to adapt to the characteristic of edge environments. We raise the incentive assignment problem for a fair incentive to PoW miners. We formulate the problem and propose an iterative and another heuristic algorithm to determine the incentive that the miner will receive for a new block. We further prove that the iterative algorithm can obtain global optimal results. Simulation and experiment results show that our proposed algorithm can give a reasonable incentive to miners under different system parameters in edge blockchain systems.
【Keywords】Blockchains; Security; Edge computing; Smart devices; Proof of Work; Privacy; Heuristic algorithms; Pervasive edge computing; hybrid blockchain; proof of work; proof of stake; incentive mechanism
【标题】普遍边缘环境中混合共识区块链系统的激励分配
【摘要】随着新兴智能设备和通信技术的发展，边缘计算在我们的日常生活中变得无处不在。具有各种资源的智能设备使数据交易在边缘环境中普遍存在。为确保此类交易不可修改和不可否认，将区块链技术引入边缘环境。在本文中，我们提出了一种混合区块链系统，以增强交易的安全性并确定边缘计算环境中矿工的激励。我们提出了一种工作证明（PoW）和权益证明（PoS）混合共识区块链系统，利用设备的异构性来适应边缘环境的特性。我们提出了激励分配问题，以便公平地激励 PoW 矿工。我们制定了问题并提出了一种迭代和另一种启发式算法来确定矿工将获得的新区块的激励。我们进一步证明了迭代算法可以获得全局最优结果。仿真和实验结果表明，我们提出的算法可以在边缘区块链系统的不同系统参数下给予矿工合理的激励。
【关键词】区块链；安全;边缘计算；智能设备；工作证明；隐私;启发式算法；普及边缘计算；混合区块链；工作证明；股权证明；激励机制
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