【Author】
Deng, Xiaohong; Luo, Zhiqiong; Zou, Yijie; Li, Kangting; Liu, Huiwen
【Source】SECURITY AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
【Abstract】Nowadays, blockchain is known as a new generation of secure information technologies for realizing business and industrial sustainability, and consensus algorithm is the key technology of blockchain. In order to solve the problem of "oligarchy" nodes and excessive punishment for nodes in existing credit consensus algorithms, a novel semifragile consensus algorithm based on the credit space for consortium blockchain is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the accounting node selection mechanism based on credit space is proposed. The credit value of the node is calculated according to a novel credit evaluation model, and then the credit space of the node is allocated according to the size of the credit value. Afterward, a random algorithm is used to select the accounting node in the credit space. This mechanism effectively inhibits the generation of "oligarchy" nodes and maintains the enthusiasm of nodes. Secondly, this paper proposes a semifragile hierarchical punishment mechanism, which punishes the malicious nodes with severe measures and gives the nonmalicious nodes the opportunity to continue participating in the consensus. So, this semifragile punishment mechanism solves the problem of excessive punishment of nodes. Experimental simulation results demonstrate that the proposed consensus algorithm has randomness while maintaining the credit incentive among nodes. In addition, the node's punishment mechanism is more reasonable. This algorithm has better security and can be well applied to consortium blockchain scenarios.
【摘要】如今，区块链被称为实现商业和产业可持续发展的新一代安全信息技术，共识算法是区块链的关键技术。为解决现有信用共识算法中节点“寡头”和过度惩罚节点的问题，提出一种基于信用空间的联盟链半脆弱共识算法。首先，提出了基于信用空间的记账节点选择机制。根据新颖的信用评估模型计算节点的信用值，然后根据信用值的大小分配节点的信用空间。之后，使用随机算法在信用空间中选择记账节点。这种机制有效地抑制了“寡头”节点的产生，保持了节点的积极性。其次，本文提出了一种半脆弱的分级惩罚机制，对恶意节点进行严厉的惩罚，给予非恶意节点继续参与共识的机会。所以，这种半脆弱的惩罚机制解决了节点过度惩罚的问题。实验仿真结果表明，所提出的共识算法在保持节点间信用激励的同时具有随机性。此外，节点的惩罚机制更加合理。该算法具有较好的安全性，可以很好地应用于联盟链场景。
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