【Author】
Chai, Haoye; Leng, Supeng; He, Jianhua; Zhang, Ke; Cheng, Baoyi
【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
【Abstract】Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) presents promising opportunities for vehicle to everything (V2X) applications, wherein authentication acts as the cornerstone to realize trustworthy vehicular context and to support advanced applications. However, existing authentication schemes mainly depend on centralized servers with both security and privacy issues. In this paper, we propose a CyberTwin (CT) empowered blockchain framework for authentication, namely CyberChain, to reduce both the communication and storage cost while maintaining vehicular privacy. By designing a blockchain system in the cyberspace, we decouple the consensus process from the physical world, so that the operation cost of blockchain can be reduced. A Privacy-Preserving Parallel Pedersen Commitment (P4C) algorithm is designed to protect the privacy of vehicles and accelerate the authentication process. To further enhance the operation efficiency of CyberChain, we propose a Diffused Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (DPBFT) mechanism to reach consensus in the cyberspace that can reduce consensus latency. The proposed cyberchain framework and the associated mechanisms are evaluated by qualitative analysis and simulations. The evaluation results demonstrated that the proposed cyberchain based framework significantly improves the authentication performance in terms of authentication latency, privacy, communication overhead and storage cost.
【Keywords】Authentication; Blockchains; Cyberspace; Security; Privacy; Handover; Vehicle dynamics; CyberTwin; blockchain; authentication; internet of vehicles; 6G
【标题】CyberChain：Cybertwin 赋能区块链，用于车联网中的轻量级和隐私保护认证
【摘要】车联网 (IoVs) 为车联网 (V2X) 应用程序提供了有希望的机会，其中身份验证是实现可信赖的车辆环境和支持高级应用程序的基石。然而，现有的身份验证方案主要依赖于具有安全和隐私问题的集中式服务器。在本文中，我们提出了一种支持 CyberTwin（CT）的区块链认证框架，即 CyberChain，以降低通信和存储成本，同时保持车辆隐私。通过在网络空间设计区块链系统，我们将共识过程与物理世界解耦，从而降低区块链的运营成本。隐私保护并行 Pedersen Commitment (P4C) 算法旨在保护车辆隐私并加速身份验证过程。为进一步提升 CyberChain 的运行效率，我们提出了一种分布式实用拜占庭容错（DPBFT）机制，在网络空间达成共识，可以减少共识延迟。所提出的网络链框架和相关机制通过定性分析和模拟进行评估。评估结果表明，所提出的基于网络链的框架在认证延迟、隐私、通信开销和存储成本方面显着提高了认证性能。
【关键词】验证;区块链；网络空间；安全;隐私;交出;车辆动力学；网络双胞胎；区块链；验证;车联网； 6G
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