Distributed Consensus for Blockchains in Internet-of-Things Networks

【Author】 Yang, Li; Zou, Yifei; Xu, Minghui; Xu, Yicheng; Yu, Dongxiao; Cheng, Xiuzhen

【Source】TSINGHUA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

【Abstract】In recent years, due to the wide implementation of mobile agents, the Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks have been applied in several real-life scenarios, servicing applications in the areas of public safety, proximity-based services, and fog computing. Meanwhile, when more complex tasks are processed in IoT networks, demands on identity authentication, certifiable traceability, and privacy protection for services in IoT networks increase. Building a blockchain system in IoT networks can greatly satisfy such demands. However, the blockchain building in IoT brings about new challenges compared with that in the traditional full-blown Internet with reliable transmissions, especially in terms of achieving consensus on each block in complex wireless environments, which directly motivates our work. In this study, we fully considered the challenges of achieving a consensus in a blockchain system in IoT networks, including the negative impacts caused by contention and interference in wireless channel, and the lack of reliable transmissions and prior network organizations. By proposing a distributed consensus algorithm for blockchains on multi-hop IoT networks, we showed that it is possible to directly reach a consensus for blockchains in IoT networks, without relying on any additional network layers or protocols to provide reliable and ordered communications. In our theoretical analysis, we showed that our consensus algorithm is asymptotically optimal on time complexity and is energy saving. The extensive simulation results also validate our conclusions in the theoretical analysis.

【Keywords】Wireless networks; Simulation; Buildings; Spread spectrum communication; Interference; Consensus algorithm; Blockchains; distributed algorithm; consensus in blockchain; Internet-of-Things (IoT); SINR model

【标题】物联网网络中区块链的分布式共识

【摘要】近年来，由于移动代理的广泛应用，物联网 (IoT) 网络已在多个现实生活场景中得到应用，服务于公共安全、基于邻近的服务和雾计算等领域的应用.同时，当物联网网络中处理更复杂的任务时，对物联网网络中服务的身份认证、可证明可追溯性和隐私保护的需求也随之增加。在物联网网络中构建区块链系统可以极大地满足这样的需求。然而，与传统成熟的可靠传输互联网相比，物联网中的区块链建设带来了新的挑战，特别是在复杂无线环境中对每个区块达成共识方面，这直接激发了我们的工作。在这项研究中，我们充分考虑了在物联网网络中实现区块链系统共识的挑战，包括无线信道竞争和干扰所带来的负面影响，以及缺乏可靠的传输和先前的网络组织。通过提出多跳物联网网络区块链的分布式共识算法，我们证明了在物联网网络中直接达成区块链共识是可能的，无需依赖任何额外的网络层或协议来提供可靠和有序的通信。在我们的理论分析中，我们表明我们的共识算法在时间复杂度上是渐近最优的并且是节能的。广泛的模拟结果也验证了我们在理论分析中的结论。

【关键词】无线网络;模拟;建筑物；扩频通信；干涉;共识算法；区块链；分布式算法；区块链共识；物联网（IoT）； SINR模型

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-23

【文献类型】Article

【论文大主题】共识机制

【论文小主题】新共识机制提出

【影响因子】3.515

【翻译者】石东瑛