【Author】 Naderi, Hossein Shojaei, Alireza Ly, Reachsak

【Source】AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION

【影响因子】10.517

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-建筑领域

【Abstract】Current incentive mechanisms for construction safety highly rely on intermediaries and massive paperwork, which lay a foundation for opportunistic behavior and poor performance in the long run. As a solution, this study introduces an automatic incentive mechanism that rewards contractors with Fungible Tokens (FTs) and NonFungible Tokens (NFTs). Visual data of construction sites is processed through a computer-vision module, which reports safety performance. These reports are evaluated in a network of smart contracts, using a decentralized oracle network (DON), and token-based rewards are determined and distributed accordingly. Users can redeem their FT rewards or NFTs through an interactive front-end portal. The proposed method is successfully implemented through a synthetic case study to prove its feasibility. The proposed decentralized application (Dapp) provides a transparent, traceable, and immutable incentive mechanism that improves trust among stakeholders, and can be used as a template and expanded to fields beyond construction safety.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Decentralized applications; Fungible tokens; Non -fungible tokens; Construction safety; Computer vision; Construction automation

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1016/j.autcon.2023.104959

【Author】 Loporchio, Matteo Bernasconi, Anna Maesa, Damiano Di Francesco Ricci, Laura

【Source】COMPUTER SCIENCE REVIEW

【影响因子】8.757

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-密码学

【Abstract】Set accumulators are cryptographic primitives used to represent arbitrarily large sets of elements with a single constant-size value and to efficiently verify whether a value belongs to that set. Accumulators support the generation of membership proofs, meaning that they can certify the presence of a given value among the elements of a set. In this paper we present an overview of the theoretical concepts underlying set accumulators, we compare the most popular constructions from a complexity perspective, and we survey a number of their applications related to blockchain technology. In particular, we focus on four different use cases: query authentication, stateless transactions validation, anonymity enhancement, and identity management. For each of these scenarios, we examine the main problems they introduce and discuss the most relevant accumulator-based solutions proposed in the literature. Finally, we point out the common approaches between the proposals and highlight the currently open problems in each field.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Authenticated data structures; Blockchain; Cryptography; Distributed ledger; Set accumulators

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1016/j.cosrev.2023.100570

【Author】 Abas, Sherhan Upahm Duran, Fecir Tekerek, Adem

【Source】EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS CCF-C

【影响因子】8.665

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-物联网

【Abstract】Internet of Things (IoT) is a future generation of Internet infrastructure comprised of quick-witted things outfitted with programs and electric eyes or sensors that are engaged in an extent of industries such as media, robotics, government, healthcare, and most notably, education. It is composed of connected devices equipped with software and sensors that are able to communicate with each other and facilitate automated operations. This next generation of Internet infrastructure is set to bring about unprecedented levels of efficiency and convenience. In this day and age, these industries are utilizing Quick Response (QR) codes for daily transactions due to their straightforwardness and expediency. The utilization of this technology can be beneficial for students, as many people tend to overlook the importance of attendance in daily lives. Nevertheless, attendance is essential for both students and instructors, as it illustrates who is present in the classroom. The goal of this study is to gain or provide a systematized, reliable, and secure data interchange on IoT for education particularly for students. In the realm of computing, arm64 and amd64 are both examples of 64-bit processor architectures; arm64 is smaller and uses less energy, while amd64 is bigger and more powerful. Though they may differ in their designs and implementations, both processors can achieve the same results when used to develop an attendance system with blockchain technology. This study constitutes a straightforward and efficient system application for students that victoriously run proficiently with the constructive help of QR code, raspberry pi, and also the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain which can support to increase the security of the system. This study successfully builds a newly update Fabric 2.4.7 docker images and binaries for the arm64, modifies the HLF transaction and adds a Secure Hash Algorithm or the SHA256 generated by crypto from NodeJS of each transaction key and creates a QR code from it, includes a student transaction time for both attendance and registration.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Hyperledger Fabric; Blockchain; Information Security; Internet of Things; Raspberry Pi; Quick Response Code

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1016/j.eswa.2023.120486

【Author】 Vishwakarma, Amit Dangayach, G. S. Meena, M. L. Jindal, Manish Kumar Gupta, Sumit Jagtap, Sandeep

【Source】OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT RESEARCH

【影响因子】7.032

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】Blockchain technology (BCT) is beneficial for the Healthcare Sustainable Supply Chain (HSSC), and the adoption of this technology provides many benefits improving the performance of the supply chain, effortless information sharing, mitigation of data modification, etc. On the contrary, this study focuses on the various challenges that come in the path while adopting the BCT. For this, the present study initially identified the multiple challenges from the in-depth literature review. Then, the Delphi method was applied for further analysis and scalability of each challenge. Afterward, Modified-Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (M-TISM) approach is used for identifying the criticality of challenges based on the classification of challenges into different levels. This operation provides the driving and dependence power of each challenge.Furthermore, MICMAC (Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Analysis) analysis was performed. At the end of the analysis, the authors found the six critical challenges related to the adoption of BCT in the Healthcare Sustainable Supply Chain (HSSC). These critical challenges are the Economical Challenge (C3), Stakeholder commitment and careful handling of BCT (C2), Combining SSCM practices to BCT(C7), Lack of government intentions to promote BCT in SCM (C6), Data Security threat (C1) and Poor infrastructure for the adoption of BCT (C4). The stakeholders of HSSC should make an effort to control them on a priority basis. In addition to this, the authors also provided the practical implication of the study and future research direction for better adoption of BCT in the Healthcare Sustainable Supply Chain.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM); Blockchain Technology (BCT); Modified-Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (M-TISM)

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实证数据

【DOI】 10.1007/s12063-023-00386-9

【Author】 Balan, Ana Tan, Andi Gabriel Kourtit, Karima Nijkamp, Peter

【Source】LAND

【影响因子】3.905

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-数据管理

【Abstract】Urban areas provide the seedbed conditions for a variety of agglomeration advantages, including incubator conditions for the ICT sector. This study aims to present the foundations for a data-driven digital architecture based on the notion of open access platform organisations (e.g., platform cities). The principles of coordinated multi-actor data handling and exchange mechanisms centre in particular on privacy and confidentiality regulations. These are highlighted and tested on the basis of the data exchange architecture in a particular Industry 4.0 sector, viz., the medical-pharmaceutical sector. To cope with these issues, self-sovereign data trust systems are designed and tested using an OpenDSU data environment. Several building blocks of this architecture are presented and assessed. The conclusion of this study is that OpenDSU technology offers promising departures for handling privacy-sensitive and confidential data exchange in open platform organisations, such as smart cities.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】digital service platforms; self-sovereignty; digital trust ecosystems; blockchains; decentralised brands; verifiable credentials; PharmaLedger; data-sharing unit (DSU); OpenDSU; decentralised identifiers

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.3390/land12061224

【Author】 Vrabie, Catalin

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-政务领域

【Abstract】While e-government (referring here to the first generation of e-government) was just the simple manner of delivering public services via electronic means, e-gov 2.0 refers to the use of social media and Web 2.0 technologies in government operations and public service delivery. However, the use of the term 'e-government 2.0' is becoming less common as the focus shifts towards broader digital transformation initiatives that may include AI technologies, among others, such as blockchain, virtual reality, and augmented reality. In this study, we present the relatively new concept of e-government 3.0, which is built upon the principles of e-government 2.0 but refers to the use of emerging technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence) to transform the delivery of public services and improve governance. The study objective is to explore the potential of e-government 3.0 to enhance citizen participation, improve public service delivery, and increase responsiveness and compliance of administrative systems in relation to citizens by integrating emerging technologies into government operations using as a background the evolution of e-government over time. The paper analyzes the challenges faced by municipalities in responding to citizen petitions, which are a core application of local democracies. The author starts by presenting an example of an e-petition system (as in use today) and analyses anonymized data of a text corpus of petitions directed to one of the Romania municipalities. He will propose an AI model able to deal faster and more accurately with the increased number of inputs, trying to promote it to municipalities who, for some reason, are still reluctant to implement AI in their operations. The conclusions will suggest that it may be more effective to focus on improving new algorithms rather than solely on 'old' technologies.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】machine learning; petitions; G2C; governance; innovation; citizen participation; artificial intelligence; natural language processing

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.3390/su15129572

【Author】 Biswas, Manju Das, Debashis Banerjee, Sourav Mukherjee, Amrit AL-Numay, Waleed Biswas, Utpal Zhang, Yudong

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-车联网

【Abstract】The emerging field of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has garnered significant attention due to its potential to revolutionize transportation and mobility. IoV enables the development of innovative services and applications that can enhance the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of transportation systems. However, ensuring secure and reliable communication among different components of an IoV system poses a critical challenge. This study proposes a blockchain-based communication framework for secure and trustworthy IoV applications. The framework utilizes blockchain technology's decentralization and security features to create secure communication channels between IoV system components, including vehicles, infrastructure, and service providers. An identity management system is also integrated into the framework to authenticate and authorize users and devices, thereby preventing unauthorized access and data breaches. To assess the proposed framework's effectiveness, real-world IoV scenarios were used to conduct experiments, and the results demonstrate that the framework can provide secure and trustworthy communication for IoV applications. The proposed blockchain-enabled communication framework provides a promising solution for addressing security and trust challenges in IoV communication systems.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; transportation systems; Internet of Vehicles; secure communication; vehicle security

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.3390/su15129399

【Author】 Farooq, Hamza Altaf, Ayesha Iqbal, Faiza Castanedo Galan, Juan Gavilanes Aray, Daniel Ashraf, Imran

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-交通领域

【Abstract】Traffic accidents present significant risks to human life, leading to a high number of fatalities and injuries. According to the World Health Organization's 2022 worldwide status report on road safety, there were 27,582 deaths linked to traffic-related events, including 4448 fatalities at the collision scenes. Drunk driving is one of the leading causes contributing to the rising count of deadly accidents. Current methods to assess driver alcohol consumption are vulnerable to network risks, such as data corruption, identity theft, and man-in-the-middle attacks. In addition, these systems are subject to security restrictions that have been largely overlooked in earlier research focused on driver information. This study intends to develop a platform that combines the Internet of Things (IoT) with blockchain technology in order to address these concerns and improve the security of user data. In this work, we present a device- and blockchain-based dashboard solution for a centralized police monitoring account. The equipment is responsible for determining the driver's impairment level by monitoring the driver's blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and the stability of the vehicle. At predetermined times, integrated blockchain transactions are executed, transmitting data straight to the central police account. This eliminates the need for a central server, ensuring the immutability of data and the existence of blockchain transactions that are independent of any central authority. Our system delivers scalability, compatibility, and faster execution times by adopting this approach. Through comparative research, we have identified a significant increase in the need for security measures in relevant scenarios, highlighting the importance of our suggested model.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Internet of Things; blockchain; drunk driver detection; network security; MQ3

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.3390/s23125388

【Author】 Ahmed, Waheeb Di, Wu Mukathe, Daniel

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-车辆领域

【Abstract】Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are used for improving traffic efficiency and road safety. However, VANETs are vulnerable to various attacks from malicious vehicles. Malicious vehicles can disrupt the normal operation of VANET applications by broadcasting bogus event messages that may cause accidents, threatening people's lives. Therefore, the receiver node needs to evaluate the authenticity and trustworthiness of the sender vehicles and their messages before acting. Although several solutions for trust management in VANETs have been proposed to address these issues of malicious vehicles, existing trust management schemes have two main issues. Firstly, these schemes have no authentication components and assume the nodes are authenticated before communicating. Consequently, these schemes do not meet VANET security and privacy requirements. Secondly, existing trust management schemes are not designed to operate in various contexts of VANETs that occur frequently due to sudden variations in the network dynamics, making existing solutions impractical for VANETs. In this paper, we present a novel blockchain-assisted privacy-preserving and context-aware trust management framework that combines a blockchain-assisted privacy-preserving authentication scheme and a context-aware trust management scheme for securing communications in VANETs. The authentication scheme is proposed to enable anonymous and mutual authentication of vehicular nodes and their messages and meet VANET efficiency, security, and privacy requirements. The context-aware trust management scheme is proposed to evaluate the trustworthiness of the sender vehicles and their messages, and successfully detect malicious vehicles and their false/bogus messages and eliminate them from the network, thereby ensuring safe, secure, and efficient communications in VANETs. In contrast to existing trust schemes, the proposed framework can operate and adapt to various contexts/scenarios in VANETs while meeting all VANET security and privacy requirements. According to efficiency analysis and simulation results, the proposed framework outperforms the baseline schemes and demonstrates to be secure, effective, and robust for enhancing vehicular communication security.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; authentication; context awareness; trust management; vehicular ad hoc network (VANET)

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.3390/s23125766

【Author】 Patel, A. S. Brahmbhatt, M. N. Bariya, A. R. Nayak, J. B. Singh, V. K.

【Source】HELIYON

【影响因子】3.776

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-农牧领域

【Abstract】Livestock products share more than fifteen percent of total agri-foods traded worldwide. A global increase in food demand has increased the risk to food safety. Improvements in food quality, cold chain transit, and preservation are required for safe livestock products. Though, the food safety and regulation authorities demand complete food traceability from farm to fork, but in traditional supply chain it is ignored by fiddling with the transit paperwork and bill invoices. The process of supply chain reformation and activities linked to food recalls during food safety issues are insanely expensive and challenging. Traceability-driven food supply chain management is likely to implement novel technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT). The capability of the Blockchain era within the food sector is emerging with use cases across different regions, as shown via the growing number of studies. Credibility, efficiency, and safety are all improved when food products can be instantly traced from their point of origin through all points of contact on their way to the consumer. Blockchain assures a tamper-proof and transparent system that allows an innovative business solution, together with smart contracts. However, there are significant difficulties with the implementation of blockchain technology for food traceability. It necessitates more and more training platforms as well as trainers, who can make understanding and operability of this technology easy among ground-level participants and food entities. For the tactical application of this technology, it is essential to comprehend the legal and regulatory framework.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Food traceability; Blockchain technology; Food supply chain; Livestock products

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16526

【Author】 Sembay, Marcio Jose de Macedo, Douglas Dyllon Jeronimo Pioli Junior, Laercio Braga, Regina Maria Maciel Sarasa-Cabezuelo, Antonio

【Source】JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE

【影响因子】3.508

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】Aims: This article aims to perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to better understand the structures of different methods, techniques, models, methodologies, and technologies related to provenance data management in health information systems (HISs). The SLR developed here seeks to answer the questions that contribute to describing the results. Method: An SLR was performed on six databases using a search string. The backward and forward snowballing technique was also used. Eligible studies were all articles in English that presented on the use of different methods, techniques, models, methodologies, and technologies related to provenance data management in HISs. The quality of the included articles was assessed to obtain a better connection to the topic studied. Results: Of the 239 studies retrieved, 14 met the inclusion criteria described in this SLR. In order to complement the retrieved studies, 3 studies were included using the backward and forward snowballing technique, totaling 17 studies dedicated to the construction of this research. Most of the selected studies were published as conference papers, which is common when involving computer science in HISs. There was a more frequent use of data provenance models from the PROV family in different HISs combined with different technologies, among which blockchain and middleware stand out. Despite the advantages found, the lack of technological structure, data interoperability problems, and the technical unpreparedness of working professionals are still challenges encountered in the management of provenance data in HISs. Conclusion: It was possible to conclude the existence of different methods, techniques, models, and combined technologies, which are presented in the proposal of a taxonomy that provides researchers with a new understanding about the management of provenance data in HISs.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】provenance data management; data provenance; provenance data; health information systems; health data; health data management

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/jpm13060991

【Author】 Sun, Nigang Li, Junlong Zhang, Yuanyi

【Source】APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

【影响因子】2.838

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-扩展方案

【Abstract】Alliance chain has gained widespread popularity in industrial and commercial fields due to its multi-centralization and node manageability. Current implementations of the alliance chain suffer from scalability obstacles, such as communication congestion and throughput drop, when the number of nodes increases. In this paper, a novel dynamic transaction confirmation sharding protocol is proposed, which improves transaction processing efficiency by partitioning nodes and assigning different transactions to different shards. It utilizes dynamic transaction confirmation consensus as a sharding intra-consensus mechanism to minimize message size and package transactions into microblocks, which modifies communication content during transaction propagation among shards and reduces network congestion and shard reconfigure cost. The protocol leverages a review system and reputation model to identify and punish malicious nodes and also incorporates a verifiable random function for node configuration, which ensures a sufficient number of honest nodes within the shard and prevents repeated consensus processes. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms mainstream used permissioned chain sharding protocols Attested HyperLedger and Sharper, achieving a throughput improvement of at least 20%. This protocol is suitable for scenarios requiring high throughput and reliability in industrial and commercial fields such as finance, logistics, and supply chain management. Even if the number of alliance chain nodes increases to the usual maximum, or there are some faulty nodes, the protocol can still maintain stable performance.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; alliance chain; scalability; blockchain scaling; sharding protocol

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.3390/app13126911

【Author】 Sogaard, Jonas S. Eklund, Peter W. Herskind, Lasse Spasovski, Jason

【Source】APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

【影响因子】2.838

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制

【Abstract】Crash fault tolerance describes the capability of a distributed system to maintain its proper function despite the occurrence of crashes or failures in one or more of its components. When a distributed system possesses crash fault tolerance, it can be further fortified to achieve Byzantine fault tolerance. Byzantine fault tolerance empowers a distributed system to establish consensus among participants, even when faced with faulty or malicious behavior. Consensus plays a critical role in various tasks, including determining the accurate value of a shared variable, electing a leader, or validating the integrity of a business transaction. Compared to crash fault tolerance, Byzantine fault tolerance instills greater trust because it enables consensus even in the presence of malicious entities. This paper focuses on the performance evaluation of two blockchain solutions that exhibit Byzantine fault tolerance, in contrast to a blockchain solution that demonstrates crash fault tolerance. Specifically, the paper investigates the additional performance requirements associated with the enhanced trust resulting from Byzantine fault tolerance in e-business trading on both national and transnational scales. We analyze the resources needed to operate a business-to-business/business-to-government (B2B/B2G) compliance framework in two distinct geographic scenarios. The first examines the national scale, using Denmark as an example, which is the eleventh largest European country by GDP. The second scenario considers the scale of the European Union (EU) with its 27 member states (plus the United Kingdom).

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】distributed ledger; blockchain; national and transnational e-business; distributed network trust; crash fault tolerance; Byzantine fault tolerance; business system scalability

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.3390/app13126941

【Author】 James, Nick Menzies, Max

【Source】ENTROPY

【影响因子】2.738

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-市场分析

【Abstract】Since its conception, the cryptocurrency market has been frequently described as an immature market, characterized by significant swings in volatility and occasionally described as lacking rhyme or reason. There has been great speculation as to what role it plays in a diversified portfolio. For instance, is cryptocurrency exposure an inflationary hedge or a speculative investment that follows broad market sentiment with amplified beta? We have recently explored similar questions with a clear focus on the equity market. There, our research revealed several noteworthy dynamics such as an increase in the market's collective strength and uniformity during crises, greater diversification benefits across equity sectors (rather than within them), and the existence of a "best value" portfolio of equities. In essence, we can now contrast any potential signatures of maturity we identify in the cryptocurrency market and contrast these with the substantially larger, older and better-established equity market. This paper aims to investigate whether the cryptocurrency market has recently exhibited similar mathematical properties as the equity market. Instead of relying on traditional portfolio theory, which is grounded in the financial dynamics of equity securities, we adjust our experimental focus to capture the presumed behavioral purchasing patterns of retail cryptocurrency investors. Our focus is on collective dynamics and portfolio diversification in the cryptocurrency market, and examining whether previously established results in the equity market hold in the cryptocurrency market and to what extent. The results reveal nuanced signatures of maturity related to the equity market, including the fact that correlations collectively spike around exchange collapses, and identify an ideal portfolio size and spread across different groups of cryptocurrencies.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】cryptocurrencies; collective dynamics; time series analysis; portfolio optimization

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实证数据

【DOI】 10.3390/e25060931

【Author】 Song, Yu Xiong, Ao Qiu, Xuesong Guo, Shaoyong Wang, Dong Li, Da Zhang, Xin Kuang, Yue

【Source】ELECTRONICS

【影响因子】2.690

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-碳交易

【Abstract】Carbon trading is an effective way to achieve carbon neutrality. It is a market mechanism aimed at reducing global greenhouse gas emissions and carbon dioxide emissions. Blockchain technology can be applied to the carbon-trading scenario using characteristics that guarantee the security, decentralization, data immutability, and data traceability of the carbon-trading process. It would be difficult to implement carbon trading on blockchains for all enterprises and individuals, as the current performance of blockchains does not meet the requirements. There has been extensive research conducted on blockchain performance optimization, and the off-chain payment channel is one of the more mature solutions. This approach involves the transfer of transactions to off-chain transactions, thus avoiding high transaction fees. Existing research has addressed the problem of routing security and efficiency, with less emphasis on factors such as routing transaction costs, node reputation, and routing path considerations. This paper researches the optimization of payment routing in Payment Channel Networks (PCNs) and proposes the Multi-Factor Routing Payment Scheme (MFPS), which integrates factors such as the node reputation, transaction fee cost, and distance to select the route for payment transactions. In order to improve the success ratio of routing transactions, the transaction-splitting algorithm is proposed. To ensure the security and privacy of the transaction process, the Asymmetric Time-Lock Contract (ATLC) protocol is proposed. The results of extensive experimental simulations show that the MFPS proposed in this paper outperforms the ShortestPath, Cheapest, and SplitDistance algorithms. It achieves an approximately 13.8%& SIM;49% improvement in the transaction success ratio and reduces the average transaction processing cost. The security and privacy measures can defend against wormhole and double-flower attacks and exhibit better performance in terms of computational verification and message overhead.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】carbon trading; off-chain payment channels; blockchain; route optimization; privacy and security

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.3390/electronics12122586

【Author】 Alzahrani, Abdullah I. A. Chauhdary, Sajjad Hussain Alshdadi, Abdulrahman A.

【Source】ELECTRONICS

【影响因子】2.690

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-环境领域

【Abstract】Wastewater management is a mechanism that is used to extract and refine pollutants from wastewater or drainage that can be recycled to the water supply with minimal environmental effects. New methods and techniques are required to ensure safe and smart wastewater management systems in smart cities because of the present deteriorating environmental state. Wireless sensor networks and the Internet of Things (IoT) represent promising wastewater treatment technologies. The elaborated literature survey formulates a conceptual framework with an Internet of Things (IoT)-based wastewater management system in smart cities (IoT-WMS) using blockchain technology. Blockchain technology is now being used to store information to develop an incentive model for encouraging the reuse of wastewater. Concerning the quality and quantity of recycled wastewater, tokens are issued to households/industries in smart cities. Nevertheless, this often encourages tampering with the information from which these tokens are awarded to include certain rewards. Anomaly detector algorithms are used to identify the possible IoT sensor data which has been tampered with by intruders. The model employs IoT sensors together with quality metrics to measure the amount of wastewater produced and reused. The simulation analysis shows that the proposed method achieves a high wastewater recycling rate of 96.3%, an efficiency ratio of 88.7%, a low moisture content ratio of 32.4%, an increased wastewater reuse of 90.8%, and a prediction ratio of 92.5%.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Internet of Things; wireless sensor networks; smart city; wastewater management

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.3390/electronics12122590

【Author】 Jia, Xiangjuan Xu, Jing Han, Mengwei Zhang, Qing Zhang, Lu Chen, Xiaofeng

【Source】CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES

【影响因子】2.027

【主题类别】

区块链治理-技术治理-标准化

【Abstract】As one of the most concerned digital technologies in recent years, blockchain and distributed ledger technology are an important driving force for a new round of technological development. It is currently in the process of accelerating its evolution and maturity, and has gradually integrated with other digital technologies. It has been applied in many industries, providing decentralized solutions for various industries, realizing innovative storage models, and building a new trust system. As blockchain technology is officially incorporated into China's new information infrastructure category, the application fields of blockchain have expanded rapidly, gradually extending from the financial field and government affairs to other fields in the real economy. At the same time, with the continuous development of the globalized economy, blockchain technology will also have a profound impact on international technological and economic development. Therefore, for the healthy and orderly development and real implementation of the blockchain industry, standardize the application of blockchain, effectively break through the cognitive and technical barriers between different countries, industries and systems on a global scale, prevent application risks, the development of the global blockchain industry needs standardization basis, which is particularly important and urgent. A sound standard system is an important key to the successful development of technology, and formulating the right standard at the right time for technology development helps ensure the ease of use and interoperability of the technology. From the perspective of international standardization, this article first introduces the general situation of ISO, ITU-T, IEEE, W3C and other international standardization organizations, and sorts out the status quo of the blockchain standardization working groups of mainstream international standardization organizations. All blockchain-related standards under development have been analyzed for the characteristics of international blockchain technology standards and industry application standards. Through data analysis, the overlaps, differences and conflicts in the field of international blockchain standard formulation are sorted out, and suggestions for blockchain standardization work in the application and development of blockchain technology standardization by international organizations and industries are put forward. The plans and layouts of future international standards are summarized to help the development of the international standardization of blockchain.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】ISO; ITU-T; IEEE; blockchain; distributed ledger technology; international standard; standardization; status; overlaps; gaps; challenges

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-07-15

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.32604/cmes.2023.026357