CCF-C
【影响因子】11.648
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-能源领域
【Abstract】With the rapid development of distributed energy, traditional power consumers have been transformed into prosumers who both produce and consume power, and are able to conduct flexible peer-to-peer transactions. Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology suitable for peer-to-peer transactions. However, the single-chain blockchain cannot simultaneously support the network security check and decentralized power transactions. Therefore, a double-chain blockchain and the corresponding peer-to-peer transaction model are proposed with the reorganization of the transaction chain and power chain. The peer-to-peer independent decision-making transactions are achieved through the transaction chain (public chain) to maximize the prosumer's economic interests. The security check and adjusted transaction scheme are achieved through the power chain (alliance chain) with the power network constraint. Based on the Ethereum blockchain development platform, simulations of peer-to-peer transactions in the IEEE 14-node distribution network are implemented. The simulation results show that the designed double-chain blockchain has higher transaction processing efficiency than the single-chain blockchain. The secure and autonomous peer-to-peer transaction of prosumers can be well supported by the proposed method.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchains; Peer-to-peer computing; Security; Decision making; Power markets; Network security; Informatics; Coupling operation; double-chain blockchain; independent decision-making; network constraint; peer-to-peer transaction
【发表时间】2023
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 理论模型
【DOI】 10.1109/TII.2022.3178805
【Author】 Rahman, Mahbubur Saifullah, Abusayeed
CCF-C
【影响因子】10.238
【主题类别】
区块链技术-协同技术-物联网
【Abstract】Today, the audit and diagnosis of the causal relationships between the events in a trigger-action-based event chain (e.g., why is a light turned on in a smart home?) in the Internet of Things (IoT) platforms are untrustworthy and unreliable. The current IoT platforms lack techniques for transparent and tamper-proof ordering of events due to their device-centric logging mechanism. In this article, we develop a framework that facilitates tamper-proof transparency and event order in an IoT platform by proposing a Blockchain protocol and adopting the vector clock system, both tailored for the resource-constrained heterogeneous IoT devices, respectively. To cope with the unsuited storage (e.g., ledger) and computing power (e.g., proof-of-work puzzle) requirements of the Blockchain in the commercial off-the-shelf IoT devices, we propose a partial consistent cut protocol and engineer a modular arithmetic-based lightweight proof of work puzzle, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Blockchain designed for resource-constrained heterogeneous IoT platforms. Our event ordering protocol based on the vector clock system is also novel for the IoT platforms. We implement our framework using an IoT gateway and 30 IoT devices. We experiment with ten concurrent trigger-action-based event chains while each chain involves 20 devices, and each device participates in five different chains. The results show that our framework may order these events in 2.5 s while consuming approximately 140 mJ of energy per device. The results, hence, demonstrate the proposed platform as a practical choice for many IoT applications, such as smart home, traffic monitoring, and crime investigation.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Internet of Things; Protocols; Logic gates; Blockchains; Peer-to-peer computing; Monitoring; Bitcoin; Blockchain; event order; Internet of Things (IoT); wireless network
【发表时间】2023
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 理论模型
CCF-C
【影响因子】10.238
【主题类别】
区块链技术-协同技术-物联网
区块链技术-协同技术-联邦学习
【Abstract】Federated learning (FL) offers a promising approach to efficient machine learning with privacy protection in distributed environments, such as Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile-edge computing (MEC). The effectiveness of FL relies on a group of participant nodes that contribute their data and computing capacities to the collaborative training of a global model. Therefore, preventing malicious nodes from adversely affecting the model training while incentivizing credible nodes to contribute to the learning process plays a crucial role in enhancing FL security and performance. Seeking to contribute to the literature, we propose a blockchain-empowered secure and incentive FL (BESIFL) paradigm in this article. Specifically, BESIFL leverages blockchain to achieve a fully decentralized FL system, where effective mechanisms for malicious node detections and incentive management are fully integrated in a unified framework. The experimental results show that the proposed BESIFL is effective in improving FL performance through its protection against malicious nodes, incentive management, and selection of credible nodes.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchains; Training; Servers; Peer-to-peer computing; Collaborative work; Data models; Computational modeling; Blockchain; consensus algorithm; federated learning (FL); incentive mechanism; Internet of Things (IoT)
【发表时间】2023
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 理论模型
【Author】 Mazumdar, Subhra Ruj, Sushmita
CCF-A
【影响因子】6.791
【主题类别】
区块链技术-协同技术-隐私保护
【Abstract】Payment Channel Networks or PCNs solve the problem of scalability in Blockchain by executing payments off-chain. Due to a lack of sufficient capacity in the network, high-valued payments are split and routed via multiple paths. Existing multi-path payment protocols either fail to achieve atomicity or are susceptible to wormhole attack. We propose a secure and privacy-preserving atomic multi-path payment protocol CryptoMaze. Our protocol avoids the formation of multiple off-chain contracts on edges shared by the paths routing partial payments. It also guarantees unlinkability between partial payments. We provide a formal definition of the protocol in the Universal Composability framework and analyze the security. We implement CryptoMaze on several instances of Lightning Network and simulated networks. Our protocol requires 11s for routing a payment of 0.04 BTC on a network instance comprising 25600 nodes. The communication cost is less than 1MB in the worst-case. On comparing the performance of CryptoMaze with several state-of-the-art payment protocols, we observed that our protocol outperforms the rest in terms of computational cost and has a feasible communication overhead.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchain; layer 2 protocols; payment channels; payment channel networks; wormhole attack; atomic multi-path payment; privacy; unlinkability; bitcoin; lightning network
【发表时间】2023
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 实验仿真
【影响因子】5.561
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-供应链
【Abstract】As the main food source of the world's population, grain quality safety is of great significance to the healthy development of human beings. The grain food supply chain is characterized by its long life cycle, numerous and complex business data, difficulty defining private information, and difficult managing and sharing. In order to strengthen the ability of information application processing and coordination of the grain food supply chain under many risk factors, an information management model suitable for the grain food supply chain is studied based on the blockchain multi-chain technology. First, the information on key links in the grain food supply chain is analyzed to obtain privacy data classifications. Second, a multi-chain network model of the grain food supply chain is constructed, and based on this model, the hierarchical encryption and storage mode of private data as well as the relay cross-chain communication mode, are designed. In addition, a complete consensus process, including CPBFT, ZKP, and KZKP algorithms, is designed for the global information collaborative consensus under the multi-chain architecture. Finally, the model is verified through performance simulation, theory analysis, and prototype system verification in terms of its correctness, security, scalability, and consensus efficiency. The results show that this research model effectively reduces the storage redundancy and deals with problems of data differential sharing in traditional single-chain research, as well as provides a secure data protection mechanism, a credible data interaction mechanism, and an efficient multi-chain collaborative consensus mechanism. By attempting to apply blockchain multi-chain technology to the grain food supply chain, this study provides new research ideas for the trusted protection of data and information collaborative consensus in this field.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】blockchain; multi-chain; privacy encryption; zero-knowledge proof; consensus algorithm; food safety
【发表时间】2023
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 理论模型
【DOI】 10.3390/foods12081600
【Author】 Arif, Yunifa Miftachul Putra, Duvan Deswantara Wardani, Dyah Nugroho, Supeno Mardi Susiki Hariadi, Mochamad
【影响因子】3.776
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-旅游领域
【Abstract】Tourism destinations serious game (TDSG) requires the ability to respond to players through recommendations for selecting appropriate tourist destinations for them as potential tourists. This research utilizes ambient intelligence technology to regulate the response visualized through a choice of serious game scenarios. This research uses the Multi-Criteria Recommender System (MCRS) to produce recommendations for selecting tourist destinations as a reference for selecting scenario visualizations. Recommender systems require a decentralized, distributed, and secure data-sharing concept to distribute data and assignments between nodes. We propose using the Ethereum blockchain platform to handle data circulation between parts of the system and implement decentralized technology. We also use the known and unknown rating (KUR) approach to improve the system's ability to generate recommendations for players who can provide rating values or those who cannot. This study uses the tourism theme of Batu City, Indonesia, so we use personal characteristics (PC) and rating of destinations attribute (RDA) data for tourists in that city. The test results show that the blockchain can handle decentralized datasharing well to ensure PC and RDA data circulation between nodes. MCRS has produced recommendations for players based on the KUR approach, indicating that the known rating has better accuracy than the unknown rating. Furthermore, the player can choose and run the tour visualization through game scenarios that appear based on the recommendation ranking results.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Serious game; Ambient intelligence; Recommender system; Tourism destinations; MCRS; Decentralized; Blockchain
【发表时间】2023
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 实验仿真
【影响因子】1.059
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域
【Abstract】The issue of privacy in clinical data restricts data sharing among various organizations because of legal and ethical concerns. Every medical organization (hospital, research center, testing lab, etc.) needs to protect personal and medical data privacy and confidentiality while also sharing data with efficient and accurate learning models for various diseases. This paper addresses a method that combines machine learning approaches on blockchain network for classification of patients with liver disease or not, while maintaining the privacy and enabling data sharing. The contribution of this paper is five-folds: (i) To deal with the liver disease dataset, data preprocessing phases are utilized (i.e., missing data treatment, data normalization, and data transformation). (ii) For feature reduction, two feature selection models are used: correlation feature selection (CFS) and wrapper metaheuristic (PSO+KNN). For training the proposed global model, the selected features (10, 4, 3) from the three models (all features, CFS, PSO+KNN) are distributed to the shared blockchain network. (iii) To detect liver disease in the preprocessed dataset, three machine learning methods are proposed: random forest, decision tree (J48), and Naive Bayes. (iv) The distributed network (blockchain) will publish the results of the liver disease diagnosis on the network. (v) The smart contract shares the data and diagnosis between the medical organizations for future processing. An empirical study is executed to validate the relevance of our suggested framework for early diagnosis of liver disease using blockchain and machine learning models. The experimental results showed that feature selection using the wrapper metaheuristic (PSO+KNN) with a random forest model achieves the best performance with the minor features for detecting liver disease with an accuracy of 99.9 compared to 99.2, 89.2 for Naive Bayes, and J48, respectively.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchain; liver classification; correlation feature selection; metaheuristic algorithms; Naive Bayes; J48; random forest
【发表时间】2023
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 实验仿真
【Author】 Jabotinsky, Hadar Y. Sarel, Roee
【影响因子】1.024
【主题类别】
区块链治理-市场治理-市场分析
【Abstract】Everybody is talking about cryptocurrencies. These digital tokens, which started in a one-asset market, have swiftly ballooned into a massive and diverse "cryptomarket. " The cryptomarket is still mostly unregulated, but this is about to change. With President Biden's adoption of the Executive Order on Ensuring Responsible Development of Digital Assets, regulatory initiatives are being adopted abroad, and global regulation looms ahead. In light of the expected regulatory changes, two important questions emerge: is there a clear rationale for legal intervention in the cryptomarket? And if so, what type of regulation is optimal?This Article is the first to consider how to regulate the cryptomarket through an empirical analysis of how the COVID-19 crisis affected the cryptomarket. We take a two-step approach to answer these pivotal questions. First, we analyze empirical evidence from the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic to better understand the risks posed by the cryptomarket when a crisis emerges. Second, we apply a law-and-economics approach to identify which market failures are consistent with the data and derive novel regulatory lessons. Our empirical analysis reveals an interesting pattern: investors initially shifted funds to the cryptomarket when the pandemic erupted, but then made a U-turn and diverted funds out of cryptocurrencies, leading to a plunge in the market. We maintain that such investor behavior can have both rational and behavioral explanations, which in turn affects the optimal choice of regulation.Accordingly, we map each rational and behavioral explanation onto potential market failures by surveying different possible interpretations of our findings, such as substitution effects between traditional markets and the cryptomarket, exploitation of investors in the form of pump-and-dump schemes, and other criminal activities. We then discuss how each type of failure can serve as justification for regulation and derive regulatory lessons on how to best intervene in the cryptomarket depending on the source of the market failure.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】
【发表时间】2023
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 实证数据
【影响因子】
【主题类别】
区块链技术-核心技术-核心技术集
【Abstract】Trust is the concept that lies amidst the rhetoric on empowering users with blockchain. Bitcoin's eminence hyped as "trust-free," poignantly made trust an indispensable central element associated with the complexities and uncertainties of online transactions abound in the use and development of blockchain - leaving many users unacquainted with the use of it. Studies focusing on assessing the trustworthiness of the trustee using various characteristics are scant in this context. Mapping the characteristics which constitute the basis of the formation of trust from the viewpoint of the trustor, this study explores the characteristics of blockchain. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 individuals ( aged 20-40 years, from the technical and/or business prospect), using blockchain. Three overlapping procedures; data reduction; data display; and conclusion drawing and verification, were used to identify categories and themes. The findings show that the characteristics of blockchain which influence trust were Reliability, Integrity, Tamper-proofing & Immutability, Versatility, Transparency and Privacy. The blockchain is a functionally versatile, tamper-proof, immutable, asset database on a decentralised network. Its reliable technical features that ensure data integrity, and provide a transparent privacy protected environment, have meant that users are willing to trust it, to generate value.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Trust; Blockchain; Characteristics of Trust
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2023-05-25
【文献类型】 实证数据