【Author】 Wang, En Cai, Jiatong Yang, Yongjian Liu, Wenbin Wang, Hengzhi Yang, Bo Wu, Jie

【Source】IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS

【影响因子】13.081

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-扩展方案

【Abstract】With the development of communications, networking, and information technology, Crowdsensed Data Trading (CDT) becomes a novel data trading paradigm. In CDT, the data requesters publish crowdsensing tasks with specific data requirements, and then workers complete these tasks, upload the data and obtain corresponding rewards. To efficiently deal with data trading, most of the existing CDT systems assume a trusted centralized platform. However, we argue that the platform may collude with workers or requesters to trick others for achieving more benefits. For example, according to the workers' uploaded data, the platform can modify the reward functions by colluding with the requester. Similarly, the platform might collude with workers to let them know the reward function, then workers could forge data. Meanwhile, requesters and workers may also be malicious. For example, requesters may post tasks but fail to pay and workers can upload wrong data to mislead the system. To solve the above problems, we combine the Crowdsensed Data Trading system with intelligent Blockchain (CDT-B), which contains a smart contract called CDToken. As a credible third-party, the CDToken is used to record the requesters' reward function and workers' data uploading function to avoid targeted trick. At the same time, we not only design a Data Uploading and Preprocessing (DUP) mechanism in CDToken to collect and process the workers' sensed data, but also propose a Grouping Truth Discovery (GTD) to evaluate their data quality for determining the payments. Moreover, to hold a large number of requesters and workers in CDT-B, we propose a Layered Sharding blockchain based on Membership Degree (LSMD) to solve the blockchain inefficiency problem. Finally, we deploy CDToken to an experimental environment based on Ethereum and demonstrate its efficient performance and practicability.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Intelligent blockchain; crowdsensed data trading; truth discovery; sharding

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2023-01-19

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1109/JSAC.2022.3213331

【Author】 Dag, Ali Dag, Asli Z. Asilkalkan, Abdullah Simsek, Serhat Delen, Dursun

【Source】JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH

【影响因子】10.969

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】As the popularity of blockchain technology and investor confidence in Bitcoin (BTC) increased in recent years, many individuals started making BTC and other cryptocurrency investments, in expectation of high returns. However, as recent market movements have shown, the lack of regulation and oversight makes it difficult to guard against high volatility and potentially significant losses in this sector. In this study, we propose a datadriven Tree Augmented Naive (TAN) Bayes methodology that can be used for identifying the most important factors (as well as their conditional, interdependent relationships) influencing BTC price movements. As the model is parsimonious without sacrificing accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity-as evident from the average accuracy value-the proposed methodology can be used in practice for making short-term investment decisions.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Price Prediction; Bitcoin; Cryptocurrency; Business Analytics; Tree Augmented Na?ve Bayes

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-01-19

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113522

【Author】 Lin, Jian-Hong Marchese, Emiliano Tessone, Claudio J. Squartini, Tiziano

【Source】CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS

【影响因子】9.922

【主题类别】

区块链应用-虚拟经济-虚拟货币

【Abstract】The Bitcoin Lightning Network (BLN) was launched in 2018 to scale up the number of transactions between Bitcoin owners. Although several contributions concerning the analysis of the BLN binary structure have recently appeared in the literature, the properties of its weighted counterpart are still largely unknown. The present contribution aims at filling this gap, by considering the Bitcoin Lightning Network over a period of 18 months, ranging from 12th January 2018 to 17th July 2019, and focusing on its weighted, undirected, daily snapshot representation - each weight representing the total capacity of the channels the two involved nodes have established on a given temporal snapshot. As the study of the BLN weighted structural properties reveals, it is becoming increasingly `centralized' at different levels, just as its binary counterpart: (1) the Nakamoto coefficient shows that the percentage of nodes whose degrees/strengths `enclose' the 51% of the total number of links/total weight is rapidly decreasing; (2) the Gini coefficient confirms that several weighted centrality measures are becoming increasingly unevenly distributed; (3) the weighted BLN topology is becoming increasingly compatible with a core-periphery structure, with the largest nodes `by strength' constituting the core of such a network, whose size keeps shrinking as the BLN evolves. Further inspection of the resilience of the weighted BLN shows that removing such hubs leads to the network fragmentation into many components, an evidence indicating potential security threats - as the ones represented by the so called `split attacks'.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain-based systems; Bitcoin Lightning Network; Null models; Centralization; Core-periphery

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2023-01-19

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1016/j.chaos.2022.112620

【Author】 Alexander, Carol Deng, Jun Zou, Bin

【Source】EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH

【影响因子】6.363

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】Bitcoin derivatives positions are maintained with a self-selected margin, which is often too low to avoid automatic liquidation by the exchange, without notice, especially during periods of excessive volatility. In-deed, according to CryptoQuant, almost $80 billion of positions on centralised exchanges were liquidated during 2021, that is an average of over $200 million per day. So hedgers of bitcoin price risk should ac-count for the possibility of automatic liquidation when taking positions on bitcoin futures. We derive a semi-closed form for an optimal hedging strategy with dual objectives - to minimize both the variance of the hedged portfolio and the probability of liquidation due to insufficient collateral. The solution depends on the statistical characteristics of the spot and futures extreme returns, and other parameters that char-acterize the hedger by choice of leverage, loss aversion and collateral management. An empirical analysis based on minute-level data compares the performance of the major direct and inverse bitcoin hedging instruments traded on five major exchanges.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Finance; Cryptocurrency; Leverage; Liquidation; Perpetual swap

【发表时间】2023

【收录时间】2023-01-19

【文献类型】 实验仿真

【DOI】 10.1016/j.ejor.2022.07.037

【Author】 Oktian, Yustus Eko Le, Thi-Thu-Huong Jo, Uk Kim, Howon

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-计算机网络

【Abstract】With the limited Internet bandwidth in a given area, unlimited data plans can create congestion because there is no retribution for transmitting many packets. The real-time pricing mechanism can inform users of their Internet consumption to limit congestion during peak hours. However, implementing real-time pricing is opex-heavy from the network provider side and requires high-integrity operations to gain consumer trust. This paper aims to leverage the software-defined network to solve the opex issues and blockchain technology to solve trust issues. First, the network congestion level in a given area is analyzed. Then, the price is adjusted accordingly. Devices that send a lot of traffic during congestion will be charged more expensive bills than if transmitting traffic during an off-peak period. To prevent over-charging, the consumers can pre-configure a customized Internet profile stating how many data bytes they are willing to send during congestion. The software-defined controller also authenticates consumers and checks whether they have enough token deposits in the blockchain as Internet usage fees. We implement our work using Ethereum and POX controllers. The experiment results show that the proposed real-time pricing can be performed seamlessly, and the network provider can reap up to 72.91% more profits than existing approaches, such as usage-based pricing or time-dependent pricing. The fairness and trustability of real-time pricing is also guaranteed through the proof-of-usage mechanism and the transparency of the blockchain.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】real-time pricing; software-defined network; blockchain; smart contract

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2023-01-19

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.3390/s22249639

【Author】 Zhang, Wenbo Huo, Xiaotong Bao, Zhenshan

【Source】JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING

【影响因子】2.557

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-数据管理

【Abstract】In a large-scale networking scenario with massive distribution of devices, data are independently generated and maintained by multiple domains. To solve the problem of isolated data islands in multi-domain, this paper designs a multi-domain data sharing model based on consortium chain. Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and lack of consideration of intra-domain consensus processes in traditional data sharing schemes, this paper optimizes the security and efficiency of data sharing from two parts: inter-domain chain and intra-domain chain. To ensure fine granularity, flexibility and security of the access control process in inter-domain chain, this model combines the Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) with smart contract, and a permission grading mechanism is designed to solve the problem of low retrieval efficiency in this access control model through reducing the retrieval range by grading and matching Policy set. Considering the problem of high delay of node consensus in the large-scale networking environment of intra-domain chain, a layered practical Byzantine fault tolerance optimization (LPBFT) algorithm with introducing a reputation model is designed, which greatly improves the efficiency and security of the intra-domain consensus. The consortium chain model is designed and implemented from the perspectives of inter-domain and intra-domain, which optimized the security and efficiency of the multi-domain data sharing model. Finally, a prototype system is implemented based on Hyperledger Fabric, and the validity of the model is verified from the aspects of inter-domain access control and intra-domain consensus algorithm.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Data sharing; Multi-domain; Consortium chain; Consensus; Access control

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2023-01-19

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.1007/s11227-022-05010-4

【Author】 Gurov, Oleg N.

【Source】NAUKA TELEVIDENIYA-THE ART AND SCIENCE OF TELEVISION

【影响因子】0.000

【主题类别】

区块链应用-虚拟经济-元宇宙

【Abstract】The article studies the phenomenon of the metaverses, that is, projects developed by technology companies, where physical, virtual and augmented (extended) realities are brough together in digital space. Apologists for the metaverses argue that soon the Internet will cease to exist in the usual sense, and its place will be taken by the metaverses as global virtual spaces for communication, work, and leisure. This vision is compared with the concept of the Panopticon, formulated by Jeremy Bentham and subsequently interpreted by Michel Foucault. The growing dependence of the state, the society, and the individual on technology and their increasing interconnection forms a set of problems with an ever increasing acuteness, yet no obvious solution has been found so far. The article demonstrates how technology manipulates human weaknesses, increasing its power and gaining control over society. Among the major risks related to the metaverses are the decay of values and morality in the virtual world, and the collapse of the individual's identity. Possible scenarios of interaction between human and technology are illustrated by Tarkovsky's Solaris, Cronenberg's Videodrome, and Folman's Congress. The study ends with an assumption that a new socio-humanitarian rationality must be formed to enable control over the logic of the development of tech companies promoting the metaverses.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】metaverse; singularity; digital technologies; metaverse; rectitude; morality; metaparasite

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2023-01-19

【文献类型】 观点阐述

【DOI】 10.30628/1994-9529-2022-18.1-11-46

【Author】 Jumaa, Maral Hassan Shakir, Ahmed Chalak

【Source】INFORMATICA-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS

【影响因子】

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-投票领域

【Abstract】In democratic societies including Iraq, electronic voting (e-voting) is an available option as a viable voting system. This system is more economically advisable than face-to-face voting by eliminating the need to pay poll staff. It may also make voting more accessible to the population with impairments and those living overseas. This study will propose an e-voting system based on smart contracts by using a decentralized private Blockchain. The proposed e-voting system will provide transparency, accuracy, fairness, eligibility, anonymity, verifiability, and immutability. This research proposed the most secure way of voting with the help of Blockchain using a mobile application that can be used to implement a large-scale solution and is cost-effective. The Blockchain-based system has been designed in conjunction with the existing ECC cryptosystem to assure the dependability, anonymity, and security of votes and voters. The system that has been developed can be used to properly conduct elections, using a quick response code (QR Code), face recognition, and fingerprint for identification before casting a ballot to ensure eligibility. This results in using mobile smartphones in the voting process where voters can observe the transparency of their votes. Furthermore, eliminates the possibility of fraud and manipulation of the votes made due to the used blockchain for secure storage.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】e-voting; private blockchain; ECC; QRcode; smart contract

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2023-01-19

【文献类型】 理论模型

【DOI】 10.31449/inf.v46i6.4241