【Author】 Zhao, Huida Liu, Jiaguo Zhao, Pengfei Chen, Jihong

【Source】MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN

【影响因子】7.001

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-环境领域

【Abstract】In April 2021, Japan's decision to dump nuclear wastewater into the ocean has raised worldwide attention. Therefore, to focus on seafood safety from firm and government in this event, we construct a game model to explore the technology-enabled ways to resolve conflict from domestic product and polluted product. Our analysis reveals the potential equilibrium strategy for the domestic product only and two types of products, respectively. Moreover, from the perspective of government punishment, the result shows the existing motivation of polluted product in the market. Finally, we also investigate the five aspects to find the changes of market share for domestic product, including customer choice, product freshness, market uncertainty, geographical distance, and shoddy product, respectively. In summary, this research provides management implications to resolve conflict between two types of products and to realize the multi-party balance of interests and technology-enabled value.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Nuclear polluted food; Government punishment; Social cognition; Equilibrium strategy; Blockchain-enabled market; Market share

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113608

【Author】 Wang, Zhiwei Fan, Jiaxing

【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CLOUD COMPUTING CCF-C

【影响因子】5.697

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-加密算法

【Abstract】Edge computing can process data at the network edge rather than in the remote cloud. To protect the security of the collected data, blockchain can be used in edge computing. Any request sent from an edge server requesting data storage is a transaction added into the blockchain, which should include the data owners' signature. For protecting the privacy of data owners, a threshold ring signature can be utilized for the blockchain. In this article, we propose a flexible threshold ring signature scheme in chronological order that has two advantages for solving the update problem and chronological problem in practice. Our scheme is a nontrivial extension of Yuen et al.'s signature scheme and has three security properties: unforgeability, anonymity, and chronological sorting. We prove our scheme without random oracles and test our scheme over the Intel Edison development platform simulating practical edge servers.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Flexible threshold; chronological order; ring signature; privacy protection; edge computing; blockchain

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.1109/TCC.2020.2974954

【Author】 Shari, Nur Fadhilah Mohd Malip, Amizah

【Source】COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS CCF-C

【影响因子】5.047

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-其他

【Abstract】The concept of a smart city has been introduced to address the shortfalls of urbanization. The aid of technologies in smart cities is envisioned to be the key initiative to mitigate these challenges. However, the technologies exposure imposes challenging issues for the traditional centralized data dissemination schemes in smart cities. Consequently, smart city is undergoing a transition to a decentralized system through the implementation of blockchain technology. This paper presents an extensive survey of blockchain applicability for data dissemination in smart cities. We focus on the components of smart: transportation, healthcare, education, energy and building in smart cities and analyze state-of-the-art work on the integration of these components with blockchain. We discuss the advantages and shortcomings of existing literature and evaluate the performance efficiency and the extent of security and privacy achieved. The analysis leads to our new design of a secure smart city data dissemination framework using blockchain technology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive abstraction in the literature that can be utilized for the designation of future blockchain-smart cities data dissemination schemes with the inclusion of participating entities. Finally, we present open research issues and challenges and discuss future research directions.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; Smart cities; Data dissemination; Security; Privacy

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1016/j.comcom.2022.03.013

【Author】 Liao, Zhuofan Pang, Xiang Zhang, Jingyu Xiong, Bing Wang, Jin

【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORK AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT CCF-C

【影响因子】4.758

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-加密算法

【Abstract】Security and forensics represent two key components for network management, especially to guarantee the trusted operation of massive access networks such as the Internet of Things (IoT). As a core technology to provide low latency and high communication for IoT, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) pulls computing resources from remote cloud centers to devices. The process of MEC service involves three types of entities: devices, data generated by devices and digital evidence generated after the data interaction. These entities are fully distributed and difficult to protect through traditional, highly centralized security and authentication mechanisms. As a decentralized shared ledger and database, the emerging blockchain is considered to provide cooperative trust and collaborative action among multiple subjects while ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of data. Because of its anonymity, non-tampering and traceability, the blockchain arouses research on the combination of blockchain and edge computing for device security, data security and forensics in IoT. This survey analyzes the application of blockchain in MEC-IoT systems and mainly focuses on approaches and technologies to manage the security and forensics issues for IoT. Finally, we present open issues and prospects for future work and research directions.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchains; Internet of Things; Security; Servers; Data security; Quality of service; Protocols; Blockchain; mobile edge computing; IoT; security; forensics

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1109/TNSM.2021.3122147

【Author】 Kim, Ryeong Hwan Noh, Hyunmin Song, Hwangjun Park, Gi Seok

【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORK AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT CCF-C

【影响因子】4.758

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-区块传输

【Abstract】This paper presents a quick block transport system for scalable Hyperledger Fabric (HLF) blockchain over device-to-device (D2D)-assisted 5G networks. The objective of the proposed system is to increase the transaction throughput and further enable the application of the blockchain to delay-sensitive 5G services. To this end, the system rapidly disseminates the block data to all the peers on the blockchain network. The blockchain network is organized with mobile edge cloud (MEC) server and mobile peers in the 5G network. To ensure a scalable and reliable blockchain architecture, the core functionalities of the HLF blockchain are appropriately distributed among the mobile edge cloud and each mobile peer. The MEC server handles core functionalities for the blockchain network, such as block generation and membership management. In addition, it is responsible for gathering the network status of all peers and organizing the overlay structure to be utilized to rapidly propagate the block with a low network cost. On the other hand, the mobile peers handle the endorsing and validating functionalities to prevent block data tampering in the blockchain network. Furthermore, locality-aware device-to-device networking is utilized in 5G network coverage to achieve faster block dissemination. The proposed system is designed to work seamlessly in an existing HLF blockchain framework with consideration of scalability and compatibility. It is fully implemented using the open-source HLF and OpenAirInterface. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed block transport system, it was evaluated in an actual 5G network as well as 802.11 network. The experimental results verified its feasibility.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchains; Peer-to-peer computing; 5G mobile communication; Scalability; Reliability; Fabrics; Throughput; Blockchain; Hyperledger Fabric; Overlay Networks; D2D Communications; Mobile Edge Cloud; 5G Networks

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.1109/TNSM.2021.3122923

【Author】 Zhang, Xin Li, Yue Peng, Xiangzhen Zhao, Zhiyao Han, Jiaqi Xu, Jiping

【Source】INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH

【影响因子】4.614

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-供应链

【Abstract】The grain and oil food supply chain has a complex structure, long turnover cycles, and many stakeholders, so it is challenging to maintain the security of this supply chain. A reliable traceability system for the whole grain and oil food supply chain will help to improve the quality and safety of these products, thus enhancing people's living standards. Driven by the trusted blockchain and trusted identity concepts, this paper constructs an information traceability model for the whole grain and oil food supply chain, and it describes how contract implementation and example verification are performed. First, an information traceability model framework of the whole grain and oil food supply chain is established based on the survey and analysis of the grain and oil food supply chain. Second, trusted identification, blockchain master-slave multi-chain storage, and trusted traceability mechanisms are designed. The trusted identification mechanism is used to track the data information of the whole grain and oil food supply chain. The blockchain master-slave multi-chain storage solves the problem of miscellaneous information caused by many links in the whole grain and oil supply chain, while the credible traceability mechanism ensures the credibility of information collection, storage, and transmission. Finally, based on the data flow, the model operation process is analyzed. Using the information traceability model, the grain and oil food trusted traceability system is designed and developed with the Hyperledger Fabric open-source framework, and a case study is conducted to verify the system. The results show that the model and system constructed in this study solve the problems of low data security and poor sharing, which exist widely in the traditional traceability mechanism, and enable the trusted uplink, storage, processing, and traceability of multi-source heterogeneous information in the lifecycle of the whole grain and oil food supply chain. The proposed system improves the granularity and accuracy of grain and oil food traceability, and provides support for the strategic security of grain stock.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】grain and oil food; information traceability model; trusted blockchain; trusted identification; Hyperledger Fabric; food safety

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/ijerph19116594

【Author】 Samoggia, Antonella Beyhan, Zeynep

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-农牧领域

【Abstract】Fairness in the agro-food system is an increasingly important issue. Ensuring fair and ethical practices in the agro-food chain is essential for sustainable, effective, and resilient agro-food systems. Identifying and understanding fairness-enabling practices and existing business applications in the agro-food chain is crucial to create a sustainable system. This research study is an extensive literature review analyzing academic and grey literature. Thus, this study aims: (i) to conceptualize fairness in the agro-food system; (ii) to identify the fairness-enabling practices contributing to a fair agro-food system; and (iii) to explore existing agro-food chain business applications relevant to achieving a sustainable and fair agro-food chain. Fairness-enabling practices have a vital role in achieving fairness in the upstream and downstream operational stages of the agro-food chain. On the one hand, the upstream cycle includes many elements, from a ban on unfair trading practices to ethical treatment to farmers, from transparency through technology and innovation to ensuring fair remuneration. The key goal is to improve the position of farmers in the chain. The study considers the following five upstream focused business applications to enable fairness practices: blockchain, cooperatives, interbranch organizations, business applications for small-scale farmers, and Fairtrade. On the other hand, achieving success in the downstream operational stage of the chain depends on fairness-oriented consumer food choice, consumer intention to buy fair food, consumer perceived value of fair food, and increased information and transparency on agro-food costs and price. This paper takes into account two consumer-focused business applications which provide downstream fairness practices: dual entitlement and dynamic pricing. To conclude, agro-food chain actors should learn how to find profit in fairness, and turn fairness-related costs into profitable business models.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】fairness; ethics; business model; agro-food chain

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/su14116391

【Author】 Khan, Shafaq Shael, Mohammed Majdalawieh, Munir Nizamuddin, Nishara Nicho, Mathew

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-公共管理

【Abstract】Blockchain technology is an innovative technology with the potential of transforming cities by augmenting the building of resilient societies and enabling the emergence of more transparent and accountable governments. To understand the capabilities of blockchain, as well as its impact on the public sector, this study conducted a review of blockchain technology and its implementations by various governments around the globe. E-government evolution is analyzed, based on empirical evidence from a Dubai government entity in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which has utilized blockchain technology for developing end-user services, relevant to the public sector. Benefits achieved and challenges to overcome in such blockchain-based pilot deployments are discussed. The findings of this study offer new insights for practitioners involved in bringing in innovations for the benefit of society, using blockchain technology. Furthermore, it provides insights into policy actions to be developed to address the future challenges and to improve already existing e-government policies. The results of this research will benefit all blockchain-based pilot deployments by providing guidance and knowledge on this immature yet developing technology.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; e-government services; department of economic development; e-government policies; end-user services

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/su14116576

【Author】 Ilbiz, Ethem Kaunert, Christian

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】This article examines the compatibility of the Global Conference on Criminal Finances and Cryptocurrencies with a sharing economy model. The analysis is based on the claims presented in Europol documents and public statements of Europol executives that this initiative serves as a platform for knowledge exchange and building professional networks between public and private actors to tackle crypto-laundering. The article investigates the validity of these statements with the most prominent sharing economy concepts: low barrier accessibility, transaction cost and trust-building. The article employs each sharing economy concept on two beneficiaries of the platform-law enforcement agencies (LEAs) and non-governmental organizations-while scaling the platform's sharing economy level. Based on Europol documents, an expert interview and participant observation of the 5th Global Cryptocurrency Conference, the article's core argument is that these cryptocurrency conferences can be categorized as a 'partial' sharing economy platform. They reduce the transaction cost for public and private actors to share knowledge about the latest trends and threats about crypto-laundering and reduce transaction costs for networking. However, co-founders should consider integrating robust trust-building mechanisms that allow low barrier entry to the conference, which will facilitate more inclusive and optimized public-private partnerships (P3).

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】sharing economy; crypto-laundering; Europol; public-private partnerships

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/su14116618

【Author】 Rathod, Tejal Jadav, Nilesh Kumar Alshehri, Mohammad Dahman Tanwar, Sudeep Sharma, Ravi Felseghi, Raluca-Andreea Raboaca, Maria Simona

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-通信领域

【Abstract】The emerging need for high data rate, low latency, and high network capacity encourages wireless networks (WNs) to build intelligent and dynamic services, such as intelligent transportation systems, smart homes, smart cities, industrial automation, etc. However, the WN is impeded by several security threats, such as data manipulation, denial-of-service, injection, man-in-the-middle, session hijacking attacks, etc., that deteriorate the security performance of the aforementioned WN-based intelligent services. Toward this goal, various security solutions, such as cryptography, artificial intelligence (AI), access control, authentication, etc., are proposed by the scientific community around the world; however, they do not have full potential in tackling the aforementioned security issues. Therefore, it necessitates a technology, i.e., a blockchain, that offers decentralization, immutability, transparency, and security to protect the WN from security threats. Motivated by these facts, this paper presents a WNs survey in the context of security and privacy issues with blockchain-based solutions. First, we analyzed the existing research works and highlighted security requirements, security issues in a different generation of WN (4G, 5G, and 6G), and a comparative analysis of existing security solutions. Then, we showcased the influence of blockchain technology and prepared an exhaustive taxonomy for blockchain-enabled security solutions in WN. Further, we also proposed a blockchain and a 6G-based WN architecture to highlight the importance of blockchain technology in WN. Moreover, the proposed architecture is evaluated against different performance metrics, such as scalability, packet loss ratio, and latency. Finally, we discuss various open issues and research challenges for blockchain-based WNs solutions.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】wireless networks; security; privacy; blockchain; distributed ledger technology

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/s22114182

【Author】 Pilares, Iris Cathrina Abacan Azam, Sami Akbulut, Serkan Jonkman, Mirjam Shanmugam, Bharanidharan

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】Electronic Health Records (EHR) are the healthcare sector's core digital strategy meant to improve the quality of care provided to patients. Despite the benefits afforded by this digital transformation initiative, adoption among healthcare organizations has been slower than desired. The sheer volume and sensitive nature of patient records compel these organizations to exercise a healthy amount of caution in implementing EHR. Cyberattacks have also increased the risks associated with non-optimal EHR implementations. An influx of high-profile data breaches has plagued the sector during the COVID-19 pandemic, which put the spotlight on EHR cybersecurity. One objective of this research project is to aid the acceleration of EHR adoption. Another objective is to ensure the robustness of the system to resist malicious attacks. For the former, a systematic review was used to unearth all the possible causes why the adoption of EHR has been anemic. In this paper, sixty-five existing proposed EHR solutions were analyzed and it was found that there are fourteen major challenges that need to be addressed to reduce friction and risk for health organizations. These were privacy, security, confidentiality, interoperability, access control, scalability, authentication, accessibility, availability, data storage, data ownership, data validity, data integrity, and ease of use. We propose EHRChain, a new framework that tackles all the listed challenges simultaneously to address the first objective while also being designed to achieve the second objective. It is enabled by dual-blockchains based on Hyperledger Sawtooth to allow patient data decentralization via a consortium blockchain and IPFS for distributed data storage.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; cryptography; electronic health record; privacy; security; distributed file system

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/s22114032

【Author】 Sunny, Farhana Akter Hajek, Petr Munk, Michal Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul Satu, Md. Shahriare Efat, Md. Iftekharul Alam Islam, Md. Jahidul

【Source】IEEE ACCESS

【影响因子】3.476

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-其他

【Abstract】For this study, the researchers conducted a systematic literature review to answer complex questions about the field of blockchain technology. We used an unbiased systematic review process to find works on blockchain-based applications and developed a Python code that searched various online databases. This paper provides an overview of the characteristics, mode of operation, and applications of blockchains in various domains such as transportation, commerce and industry, privacy and security, the financial sector, government, education, healthcare, and the Internet of Things (IoT). The aim was to identify the key research themes addressed in existing articles within each application domain and suggest future research directions for these domains. We analyzed a set of 750 articles published between 2015 and 2021 that dealt with blockchain applications. We found that financial management and security issues have been the main research focus since 2015. However, the use of blockchain in education has become a central research theme in 2021. Healthcare, IoT, and government applications have also grown in popularity. We furthermore analyzed some of the implementations of privacy mechanisms, as well as the challenges and future directions that need to be addressed for effective blockchain deployment. This study contributes to existing research by providing a comprehensive overview of blockchain application themes and their emerging areas for stakeholders in diverse sectors.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchains; Databases; Systematics; Security; Privacy; Medical services; Government; Blockchain; applications; business and industry; internet of things; privacy and security

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3179690

【Author】 Seng, Kah Phooi Ang, Li-Minn

【Source】IEEE ACCESS

【影响因子】3.476

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-边缘计算

【Abstract】Recent years have seen deployments of increasingly complex artificial intelligent (AI) and machine learning techniques being implemented on cloud server architectures and embedded into edge computing devices for supporting Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile applications. It is important to note that these embedded intelligence (EI) deployments on edge devices and cloud servers have significant differences in terms of objectives, models, platforms and research challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on EI from four aspects: (1) First, the state-of-the-art for EI using a set of evaluation criteria is proposed and reviewed; (2) Second, EI for both cloud server accelerators and low-complexity edge devices are discussed; (3) Third, the various techniques for EI are categorized and discussed from the system, algorithm, architecture and technology levels; and (4) The paper concludes with the lessons learned and the future prospects are discussed in terms of the key role EI is likely to play in emerging technologies and applications such as Industry 4.0. This paper aims to give useful insights and future prospects for the developments in this area of study and highlight the challenges for practical deployments.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Computer architecture; Artificial intelligence; Servers; Field programmable gate arrays; Classification algorithms; Energy efficiency; Cloud computing; Embedded systems; SoC; FPGA; GPU; parallel architecture; machine learning; deep learning; IoT; edge AI

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3175574

【Author】 Zhao, Nan Su, Hui Han, QingSheng Zhao, Yan

【Source】COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE

【影响因子】3.120

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-大数据

【Abstract】In order to better mine the value of data, the author proposes a research on the automatic access control of big data open resources multimedia based on blockchain and introduces big data access control BBAC-BD (blockchain-based access control mechanism for big data environment). The author designed a strategy management contract based on the Bloom filter, as a probabilistic data structure with extremely high space utilization efficiency and proposed the strategic management contract (PAP CONTRACT) and the strategic decision contract (PDP CONTRACT). In this way, the nontampering, auditability, and verifiability of the access control information are guaranteed; then, the access control method based on smart contracts is adopted to realize the user-driven, whole-process transparent, and dynamic and automatic access control of big data resources. The simulation results show that the greater the ratio of n/k, the better the optimization effect, and the greater the ratio, the lower the corresponding misjudgment rate, but it will also take up more space costs. At the same time, the true value of the false positive rate is generally less than the theoretical value of the false positive rate. When the performance of Hash (strategy to retrieve) is better, the result of Hash distribution is more uniform. Under the condition of m = 3, the misjudgment rate acceptable for the expected use can be achieved, and the increase in the number of Hashes will not bring a significant increase in revenue. Freed from the traditional model of providing access control services based on third parties, solve the problem of transparency of authority judgments; at the same time, through smart contracts, based on the strategy published by the resource owner on the blockchain, realize automatic access control to big data resources; and make the judicial process more flexible and the judgment result more credible. The BBAC-BD mechanism realizes a safe, reliable, and transparent new access control architecture, and it can effectively promote the safe circulation and sharing of big data.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1155/2022/4410075

【Author】 Yujie, Hou Qiuxia, Hao

【Source】COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE

【影响因子】3.120

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-电商领域

【Abstract】The innovation of logistics management mode plays a great role in promoting the operation timeliness of an e-commerce platform. The question of how to realize the research on the innovation mode of logistics management of the e-commerce platform with the integration of "Internet of things + blockchain" is the current development trend. Based on this, this paper studies the influencing factors of logistics management of an e-commerce platform under the discrete analysis strategy of "Internet of things + blockchain." First, the logistics management analysis model of an e-commerce platform integrating "Internet of things + blockchain" is proposed. The dynamic correlation function is used to simulate the logistics information in the e-commerce platform. Through the extreme value of the dynamic correlation function curve in the detection process, the operation signal is restored, and then its logistics management is analyzed. Second, the influencing factors in the logistics management of the e-commerce platform are analyzed, comprehensive analysis is done by using the "Internet of things + blockchain" integration model, the dynamic logistics information in the operation of the e-commerce platform is accurately gathered, and the multidimensional hierarchical method is used for quality evaluation. Finally, the effectiveness of the logistics management analysis model of the e-commerce platform is verified by many experiments.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1155/2022/7766228

【Author】 Neziri, Vehbi Shabani, Isak Dervishi, Ramadan Rexha, Blerim

【Source】APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

【影响因子】2.838

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-加密算法

【Abstract】Anonymity and privacy in the electoral process are mandatory features found in any democratic society, and many authors consider these fundamental civil liberties and rights. During the election process, every voter must be identified as eligible, but after casting a vote, the voter must stay anonymous, assuring voter and vote unlinkability. Voter anonymity and privacy are the most critical issues and challenges of almost all electronic voting systems. However, vote immutability must be assured as well, which is a problem in many new democracies, and Blockchain as a distributed technology meets this data immutability requirement. Our paper analyzes current solutions in Blockchain and proposes a new approach through the combination of two different Blockchains to achieve privacy and anonymity. The first Blockchain will be used for key management, while the second will store anonymous votes. The encrypted vote is salted with a nonce, hashed, and finally digitally signed with the voter's private key, and by mixing the timestamp of votes and shuffling the order of cast votes, the chances of linking the vote to the voter will be reduced. Adopting this approach with Blockchain technology will significantly transform the current voting process by guaranteeing anonymity and privacy.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】privacy; anonymity; electronic voting; Blockchain; vote; distributed technologies

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/app12115477

【Author】 Hrovatin, Niki Tosic, Aleksandar Mrissa, Michael Kavsek, Branko

【Source】APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

【影响因子】2.838

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-隐私计算

【Abstract】Currently, the computational power present in the sensors forming a wireless sensor network (WSN) allows for implementing most of the data processing and analysis directly on the sensors in a decentralized way. This shift in paradigm introduces a shift in the privacy and security problems that need to be addressed. While a decentralized implementation avoids the single point of failure problem that typically applies to centralized approaches, it is subject to other threats, such as external monitoring, and new challenges, such as the complexity of providing decentralized implementations for data mining algorithms. In this paper, we present a solution for privacy-aware distributed data mining on wireless sensor networks. Our solution uses a permissioned blockchain to avoid a single point of failure in the system. Contracts are used to construct an onion-like structure encompassing the Hoeffding trees and a route. The onion-routed query conceals the network identity of the sensors from external adversaries, and obfuscates the actual computation to hide it from internally compromised nodes. We validate our solution on a use case related to an air quality-monitoring sensor network. We compare the quality of our model against traditional models to support the feasibility and viability of the solution.

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【Keywords】WSN; air quality; privacy; blockchain; data mining

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/app12115646

【Author】 Rudenko, Roman Pires, Ivan Miguel Oliveira, Paula Barroso, Joao Reis, Arsenio

【Source】ELECTRONICS

【影响因子】2.690

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-物联网

【Abstract】The advance of industrialization regarding the optimization of production to obtain greater productivity and consequently generate more profits has led to the emergence of Industry 4.0, which aims to create an environment called smart manufacturing. On the other hand, the Internet of Things is a global network of interrelated physical devices, such as sensors, actuators, intelligent applications, computers, mechanical machines, objects, and people, becoming an essential part of the Internet. These devices are data sources that provide abundant information on manufacturing processes in an industrial environment. A concern of this type of system is processing large sets of data and generating knowledge. These challenges often raise concerns about security, more specifically cybersecurity. Good cybersecurity practices make it possible to avoid damage to production lines and information. With the growing increase in threats in terms of security, this paper aims to carry out a review of existing technologies about cybersecurity in intelligent manufacturing and an introduction to the architecture of the IoT and smart manufacturing.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】cybersecurity; industry; Internet of Things; literature review

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/electronics11111742

【Author】 Pardi, Anabele-Linda Paolucci, Mario

【Source】MATHEMATICS

【影响因子】2.592

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】With the influence of digital technology in our daily lives continuously growing, we investigate methods with the purpose of assessing the stability, sustainability, and design of systems of token economies that include tokens and conventional currencies. Based on a chemical approach, we model markets with a minimum number of variables and compare the transaction rates, stability, and token design properties at different levels of tokenisation. The kinetic study reveals that in certain conditions, if the price of a product contains both conventional money and tokens, one can treat this combination as one composite currency. The dynamic behaviour of the analysed systems is proven to be dynamically stable for the chosen models. Moreover, by applying the supply and demand law to recalculate the prices of products, the necessity of previous knowledge of certain token attributes-token divisibility and token-money exchange rates-emerges. The chemical framework, along with the analytic methods that we propose, is flexible enough to be adjusted to a variety of conditions and offer valuable information about economic systems.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】digital technology; blockchain; cryptoeconomic design; economic system; chemical analysis; tokens; token engineering

【发表时间】2021

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/math9202607

【Author】 Drusinsky, Doron

【Source】COMPUTER

【影响因子】2.256

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-加密算法

【Abstract】This article describes a hybrid of self-sovereign identities (SSIs), cryptographic authentication, and biometric authentication, which allows remote yet secure proof of identity, all while addressing privacy concerns. The proposed technique addresses cooperative attacks, which are unique to the SSI embodiment of blockchain technology.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.1109/MC.2022.3164527

【Author】 Wazid, Mohammad Das, Ashok Kumar Park, Youngho

【Source】WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & MOBILE COMPUTING CCF-C

【影响因子】2.146

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-物联网

【Abstract】The Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) is the amalgamation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods and the Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure, which are deployed there to improve the overall performance of the system. AIoT can be deployed to achieve more efficient IoT operations; thereby can improve human-machine interactions and provide better data analysis. AI methods can be used to transform IoT data into useful information for the better decision-making processes, and it further increases the overall usability of the system. AIoT frameworks are very useful and applicable in a variety of applications, like security and surveillance system, smart home, intelligent transportation system, smart farming, secure and safe healthcare monitoring, industrial automation and control, eCommerce, logistics operations and control, and many more. However, AIoT frameworks may have issues related to data security and privacy as they are vulnerable to various types of information security-related attacks. These issues further cause the serious consequences, like the unauthorized data leakage and data update. Blockchain is a specific type of database. It is a digital ledger of transactions, which is duplicated and distributed across the entire network of computer systems. It stores data in the form of some blocks, which are then chained together. Blockchain is tamper proof and provides more security as compared to the traditional security mechanisms. Hence, blockchain can be integrated in various AIoT applications to provide more security. A generalized blockchain-envisioned secure authentication framework for AIoT has been proposed. The adversary model of blockchain-envisioned secure authentication framework for AIoT is also highlighted that covers most of the potential threats of a kind of communication environment. Various applications of the proposed framework are also discussed. Furthermore, different issues and challenges of the proposed framework are highlighted. In the end, we also provide some future research directions relevant to the proposed framework.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2021

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.1155/2021/3866006

【Author】 Zhu, Linkai Peng, Sheng Cai, Zhiming Liu, Wenjian He, Chunjiang Tang, Weikang

【Source】SECURITY AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS CCF-C

【影响因子】1.968

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-隐私计算

【Abstract】Aiming at the problems of low protection accuracy and long time consumption in traditional privacy data protection methods, a privacy data protection method based on trusted computing and blockchain is proposed. Set up the Internet node secure transmission protocol through the trusted node uplink transmission protocol and the downlink transmission protocol, and according to the transmission protocol, combined with the blockchain technology, the ECC elliptic curve encryption algorithm is used to encrypt the amount of data existing in the blockchain, and the AES symmetric encryption algorithm is used to encrypt the private data that exists in the nonblockchain, thereby completing the protection of network private data. The simulation experiment results show that the privacy data protection accuracy of the proposed method is higher and the work efficiency is faster.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2021

【收录时间】2022-07-24

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1155/2021/6274860