【Author】 Goldsby, Curtis Hanisch, Marvin

【Source】CALIFORNIA MANAGEMENT REVIEW

【影响因子】11.678

【主题类别】

区块链治理--

【Abstract】Countless enterprise blockchains fail to live up to high expectations, often because the supporting governance structures are insufficiently established or have become stagnant. Based on interviews with 153 blockchain executives and an analysis of publicly documented use cases, this article offers a guide for blockchain scholars and practitioners. Its framework highlights the coordination and control challenges that exist in blockchain governance contexts and presents four generic governance modes to address them: chief, clan, custodian, and consortium. Managers can use these governance modes as a basis for four strategic moves (connecting, isolating, loosening, and tightening) to navigate blockchain governance challenges.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】governance; network governance; disruptive technology; strategic alliances; transaction costs; information systems; blockchain

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.1177/00081256221080747

【Author】 Bonifazi, Gianluca Corradini, Enrico Ursino, Domenico Virgili, Luca

【Source】JOURNAL OF BIG DATA

【影响因子】10.835

【主题类别】

区块链治理--

【Abstract】Purpose In this paper, we define the concept of user spectrum and adopt it to classify Ethereum users based on their behavior. Design/methodology/approach Given a time period, our approach associates each user with a spectrum showing the trend of some behavioral features obtained from a social network-based representation of Ethereum. Each class of users has its own spectrum, obtained by averaging the spectra of its users. In order to evaluate the similarity between the spectrum of a class and the one of a user, we propose a tailored similarity measure obtained by adapting to this context some general measures provided in the past. Finally, we test our approach on a dataset of Ethereum transactions. Findings We define a social network-based model to represent Ethereum. We also define a spectrum for a user and a class of users (i.e., token contract, exchange, bancor and uniswap), consisting of suitable multivariate time series. Furthermore, we propose an approach to classify new users. The core of this approach is a metric capable of measuring the similarity degree between the spectrum of a user and the one of a class of users. This metric is obtained by adapting the Eros distance (i.e., Extended Frobenius Norm) to this scenario. Originality/value This paper introduces the concept of spectrum of a user and a class of users, which is new for blockchains. Differently from past models, which represented user behavior by means of univariate time series, the user spectrum here proposed exploits multivariate time series. Moreover, this paper shows that the original Eros distance does not return satisfactory results when applied to user and class spectra, and proposes a modified version of it, tailored to the reference scenario, which reaches a very high accuracy. Finally, it adopts spectra and the modified Eros distance to classify Ethereum users based on their past behavior. Currently, no multi-class automatic classification approach tailored to Ethereum exists yet, albeit some single-class ones have been recently proposed. Therefore, the only way to classify users in Ethereum are online services (e.g., Etherscan), where users are classified after a request from them. However, the fraction of users thus classified is low. To address this issue, we present an automatic approach for a multi-class classification of Ethereum users based on their past behavior.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; Classification algorithm; Ethereum; User spectrum; Multivariate Time Series; Eros distance; Extended Frobenius Norm; Etherscan

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.1186/s40537-022-00586-3

【Author】 Bansal, Gaurang Chamola, Vinay Kaddoum, Georges Piran, Md Jalil Alrashoud, Mubarak

【Source】COMPUTER NETWORKS CCF-B

【影响因子】5.493

【主题类别】

区块链技术-分布式存储-

【Abstract】A distributed stock exchange system encompasses multiple network hosts that participate in the sharing and exchange of resources. In such exchanges, the mediator or stock exchange must manage and delineate all operations in a cohesive manner. Stock exchange (SE) also acts as the transaction manager to provide consistent, isolated, durable, and atomic transactions for participating entities. However, the work for the stock exchange is not so straightforward as it may sound. With multiple transactions happening per second, the global serializability and concurrency control becomes an issue resulting in multiple threats and vulnerabilities. We propose a novel stock exchange that integrates time series prediction to distributed transactions and understanding the rapid global transactions and limitations of resources at the stock exchange. We use distributed acyclic graph (DAG) based distributed ledger technology IOTA to provide security and consensus for independent users. The paper proposes a time-variant model that adjusts its predictions based on transactions, moments of observations, participating entities, and history. We show that our model outcasts other state-of art schemes in terms of prediction accuracy. Also, the model is fair, fast, and scalable to handle millions of transactions per second.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain; Machine learning; Commerce; IOTA; Stock exchange; LSTM; FinTech

【发表时间】2021

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.1016/j.comnet.2021.107998

【Author】 Tomar, Ashish Tripathi, Sachin

【Source】PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKING AND APPLICATIONS CCF-C

【影响因子】3.488

【主题类别】

区块链应用-交通领域-

【Abstract】With the emergence of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), the communication between vehicles has become a major factor in achieving driver safety and improved driving experience. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is considered as the most promising technology to obtain vehicular communications. However, due to openness, it faces many security and privacy issues. Therefore, different cryptographic techniques have been employed by researchers to provide efficient authentication in VANET. The existing authentication schemes in the literature have to deal with many problems such as CRL management, key distribution, key escrow, and high computation cost. Thus, this paper introduces a blockchain-based certificateless authentication scheme; unlike existing schemes that rely on a single trusted authority, the proposed scheme utilizes multiple semi-trusted authorities and blockchain to create a distributed environment. In addition, the proposed scheme makes use of a certificateless signature with a key distribution method to achieve secure authentication with low computational and storage costs. Moreover, the thorough security analysis proves the proposed scheme's resistance against various security attacks and attackers. Finally, the extensive performance analysis using cryptographic libraries and hyperledger fabric platform demonstrates that the proposed scheme is efficient in computational cost compared to existing schemes.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Certificateless signature; Smart contract; Blockchain; Vehicular ad-hoc networks; Semi-trusted authority

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.1007/s12083-022-01319-2

【Author】 Cali, Umit Deveci, Muhammet Saha, Shammya Shananda Halden, Ugur Smarandache, Florentin

【Source】IEEE ACCESS

【影响因子】3.476

【主题类别】

区块链应用-能源领域-

【Abstract】The modern power systems are evolving in parallel to the development of other technological trends such as decarbonization and digitalization. While the penetration of renewable energy resources is increasing within the national and regional energy mix, emerging digitalization technologies, such as artificial intelligence and blockchain technology are shaping modern power systems. Especially blockchain technology has a very high potential to disrupt the current and future energy sector landscape by enabling various use cases in this domain. This paper aims to prioritize different energy use cases where blockchain technology can actively be utilized to create additional value. This study proposes a Type-2 Neutrosophic Number (T2NN) based Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) to evaluate and rank a set of existing use cases of an energy blockchain system. Testing and validation of the model is done through a comparison against one alternative T2NN based Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model and an existing approach from literature. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed, revealing that changing criteria weightings do not affect the ranking order of the use cases of the energy blockchain system. Prioritizing the use cases can assist the companies, standardization bodies, and related government authorities to make better decisions for their operations, such as ranking the investment decisions.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchains; Distributed ledger; Decision making; Power systems; Analytical models; Renewable energy sources; Industries; Blockchain; distributed ledger technology; energy use case; fuzzy sets; multi-criteria decision making; neutrosophic numbers

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3162190

【Author】 Scuderi, Alessandro La Via, Giovanni Timpanaro, Giuseppe Sturiale, Luisa

【Source】AGRICULTURE-BASEL

【影响因子】3.408

【主题类别】

区块链治理--

【Abstract】Contemporary agriculture is increasingly oriented toward the synergistic adoption of technologies such as the Internet of Things, Internet of Farming, big data analytics, and blockchain to combine resource protection and economic, social, and environmental sustainability. In Italy, the market growth potential of "Agriculture 4.0" and "Farming 4.0" solutions is very high, but the adoption of the related technological innovations is still low. Italian companies are increasingly aware of the opportunities offered by the 4.0 paradigm, but there are still cultural and technological limits to the full development of the phenomenon. This research aims to contribute to knowledge that will improve the propensity of agricultural operators to adopt the digital solutions of "Agriculture 4.0" by demonstrating its potential, along with its limits. To this end, an integrated methodological approach was adopted, built with focus groups and multicriteria analysis, to define and assess the possible future scenarios resulting from the implementation of digital transformation. The results show an increased focus on solutions that allow the integration of new tools to support those already used in the business organization and at a sustainable cost. To enable the development of "Agriculture 4.0", we propose that it is necessary to invest in training operators in the supply chain, and above all, raising awareness among farmers, who it is essential fully appreciate the potential benefits of the 4.0 revolution.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】digital transformation; smart agrifood; Internet of Things; Internet of Farming; Farming 4.0; precision agriculture; multicriteria analysis

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.3390/agriculture12030400

【Author】 Zhu, Huijun Xue, Qingji Li, Tianfeng Xie, Dong

【Source】ENTROPY

【影响因子】2.738

【主题类别】

区块链技术-密码学-

【Abstract】Public key encryption supporting equality test (PKEwET) schemes, because of their special function, have good applications in many fields, such as in cloud computing services, blockchain, and the Internet of Things. The original PKEwET has no authorization function. Subsequently, many PKEwET schemes have been proposed with the ability to perform authorization against various application scenarios. However, these schemes are incapable of traceability to the ciphertexts. In this paper, the ability of tracing to the ciphertexts is introduced into a PKEwET scheme. For the ciphertexts, the presented scheme supports not only the equality test, but also has the function of traceability. Meanwhile, the security of the proposed scheme is revealed by a game between an adversary and a simulator, and it achieves a desirable level of security. Depending on the attacker's privileges, it can resist OW-CCA security against an adversary with a trapdoor, and can resist IND-CCA security against an adversary without a trapdoor. Finally, the performance of the presented scheme is discussed.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】public key encryption; equality test; blockchain; cloud server

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.3390/e24030309

【Author】 Xu, Cheng Wu, Hongjun Liu, Hongzhe Li, Xuewei Liu, Li Wang, Pengfei

【Source】SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING

【影响因子】1.672

【主题类别】

区块链应用-能源领域-

【Abstract】It is more and more important to optimize electric power system scheduling in the development of the Internet of Vehicles. How to improve the applicability and scientific nature of electric vehicle charging is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper proposes an intelligent scheduling access model for electric vehicles based on blockchain. Firstly, the layout simplification calculation is carried out for the layout of the traditional distributed power grid. Then, a data storage and consensus system is built using blockchain smart contracts to ensure that all historical data are not tampered with and are traceable. Finally, the model forms an electricity price guidance model in the intelligent scheduling and access of electric vehicles, optimizes the multivehicle line congestion in operation, and can dynamically schedule and correct the model. In terms of the experiment, 13 test electric vehicles were dispatched based on 12 real power station nodes and 36 test nodes of Yunnan Power Grid Co. Information Center for verification:Me result analysis shows that the model can effectively and quickly solve the blocking and unblocking of the Internet of Vehicles and can develop a scheduling scheme conforming to the safety constraints of electric vehicles in a relatively short time.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2021

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.1155/2021/1198794

【Author】 Haeri, Seyed Hossein Thompson, Peter Davies, Neil Van Roy, Peter Hammond, Kevin Chapman, James

【Source】COMPUTERS

【影响因子】0.000

【主题类别】

区块链治理--

【Abstract】This paper directly addresses a long-standing issue that affects the development of many complex distributed software systems: how to establish quickly, cheaply, and reliably whether they can deliver their intended performance before expending significant time, effort, and money on detailed design and implementation. We describe Delta QSD, a novel metrics-based and quality-centric paradigm that uses formalised outcome diagrams to explore the performance consequences of design decisions, as a performance blueprint of the system. The distinctive feature of outcome diagrams is that they capture the essential observational properties of the system, independent of the details of system structure and behaviour. The Delta QSD paradigm derives bounds on performance expressed as probability distributions encompassing all possible executions of the system. The Delta QSD paradigm is both effective and generic: it allows values from various sources to be combined in a rigorous way so that approximate results can be obtained quickly and subsequently refined. Delta QSD has been successfully used by a small team in Predictable Network Solutions for consultancy on large-scale applications in a number of industries, including telecommunications, avionics, and space and defence, resulting in cumulative savings worth billions of US dollars. The paper outlines the Delta QSD paradigm, describes its formal underpinnings, and illustrates its use via a topical real-world example taken from the blockchain/cryptocurrency domain. Delta QSD has supported the development of an industry-leading proof-of-stake blockchain implementation that reliably and consistently delivers blocks of up to 80 kB every 20 s on average across a globally distributed network of collaborating block-producing nodes operating on the public internet.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】formal semantics; quality attenuation; distributed systems; system design; scalability; performance; feasibility; design space exploration; blockchain; proof of stake; Delta Q

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.3390/computers11030045

【Author】 Zhao, Jinsha

【Source】REVIEW OF BEHAVIORAL FINANCE

【影响因子】0.000

【主题类别】

区块链治理--

【Abstract】Purpose The paper provides new evidence for Bitcoin's safe-haven property by examining the relationship between currency price, return and Bitcoin trading volume. Design/methodology/approach A unique dataset from a person-to-person (p2p) exchange is used to investigate association between Bitcoin trading volume and currency prices. Currency returns are used to identify local economic crises, the 8 crisis affected currencies are Venezuela Bolivar (VES), Iranian Rial (IRR), Ukrainian Hryvnia (UAH), Argentine Peso (ARS), Egyptian Pound (EGP), Nigerian Naira (NGN), Turkish Lira (TRY) and Kazakhstani Tenge (KZT). Findings The paper demonstrates that local economic crises are positively associated with increased Bitcoin trading. There is a negative association between trading volume and currency value (and return), suggesting low currency price and currency depreciation are accompanied with increased Bitcoin trading. The results not only hold for the crisis affected currencies but also currencies of advanced economies. Granger causality test also reinforces the negative association results. Originality/value The finding indicates some forms of flight-to-safety have occurred during local market crises when capital flight from domestic markets to Bitcoin, strengthening Bitcoin's hedging asset status. However, total global trading volume declines after the start of the COVID pandemic, suggesting that Bitcoin is still regarded as a speculative asset. Overall, the findings show that Bitcoin is a hedging asset to protect against local currency depreciation, but not a safe-haven asset for the global crisis.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Bitcoin; Cryptocurrency; Economic crisis; Currency devaluation; G01; G10; G28

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-04-17

【文献类型】 期刊

【DOI】 10.1108/RBF-02-2022-0048