【Author】
Li, Yannan; Yang, Guomin; Susilo, Willy; Yu, Yong; Au, Man Ho; Liu, Dongxi
【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING
【Abstract】Monero provides a high level of anonymity for both users and their transactions. However, many criminal activities might be committed with the protection of anonymity in cryptocurrency transactions. Thus, user accountability (or traceability) is also important in Monero transactions, which is unfortunately lacking in the current literature. In this paper, we fill this gap by introducing a new cryptocurrency named Traceable Monero to balance the user anonymity and accountability. Our framework relies on a tracing authority, but is optimistic, in that it is only involved when investigations in certain transactions are required. We formalize the system model and security model of Traceable Monero. We present a detailed construction of Traceable Monero by overlaying Monero with two types of tracing mechanisms, tracing the one-time addresses with money flows and tracing the long-term addresses. We prove the security of Traceable Monero and implement a prototype of the system, which demonstrates that Traceable Monero incurs merely a very small overhead in generating and verifying a transaction compared to Monero transactions.
【Keywords】Bitcoin; Privacy; Blockchain; Protocols; Cryptocurrency; monero; blockchain; anonymity; accountability
【标题】可追踪的Monero：具有高跟踪机制的匿名加密货币
【摘要】Monero为用户及其交易提供了高度匿名性。然而，在加密货币交易中，许多犯罪活动可能在匿名保护的情况下实施。因此，用户责任（或可追溯性）在Monero事务中也很重要，遗憾的是，当前文献中缺乏这一点。在本文中，我们通过引入一种名为可追踪Monero的新加密货币来填补这一空白，以平衡用户匿名性和问责制。我们的框架依赖于追踪机构，但很乐观，因为它仅在需要对某些交易进行调查时才涉及。我们形式化了可追踪Monero的系统模型和安全模型。通过将Monero与两种跟踪机制叠加，我们提出了一种可跟踪Monero的详细构造，这两种机制是用货币流跟踪一次性地址和跟踪长期地址。我们证明了可跟踪Monero的安全性，并实现了该系统的原型，该原型表明，与Monero事务相比，可跟踪Monero在生成和验证事务时产生的开销非常小。
【关键词】比特币；隐私性；区块链；协议；加密货币；门罗币；匿名性；问责制
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