【Author】
Pokhrel, Shiva Raj
【Source】IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
【Abstract】In this paper, we develop a foundation for a constellation of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite IoT by constructing a Blockchain-based framework for continual knowledge sharing and learning collaboratively. This approach is directly applicable for a swarm of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). We ablate Federated Learning (FL) successful features as a basis to ensure high precision of learning inferences at timescales relevant to the underlying time-varying space network and channel dynamics. In such a dynamic setting, there is always a likelihood that miners may be compromised or fail to propagate information in time because of some intrinsic factors such as channel impairments, satellite handovers and attacks. Such transmission failures often lead to undesirable forking events in the Blockchain. Consequently, maintaining a low energy consumption and smallish delay in such an erratic network is highly nontrivial and challenging. To quantify the impacts of the forking and minimize the occurrence of such unwanted events and their adverse effects, we develop a procedure to estimate the expected energy consumption for a given set of miners, block transmissions, and LEOs' or UAVs' mobility. Besides, we shed light on deep learning-based resource allocation for mobile mining and demonstrate the synergic gain of FL with Blockchain.
【Keywords】Blockchain; Drones; Delays; Satellites; Low earth orbit satellites; Sensors; Collaborative work; Blockchain; federated learning; forking; low earth orbit (LEO) satellites; mobile miners; satellite-IoT; UAVs
【标题】区块链为协作无人机和 LEO 卫星带来信任：空间中的智能分散学习
【摘要】在本文中，我们通过构建基于区块链的持续知识共享和协作学习框架，为低地球轨道 (LEO) 卫星物联网星座奠定了基础。这种方法直接适用于一群无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV)。我们将联邦学习 (FL) 的成功特征作为基础，以确保在与底层时变空间网络和通道动态相关的时间尺度上进行高精度的学习推理。在这样的动态环境中，由于某些内在因素（例如信道损伤、卫星切换和攻击），矿工总是有可能受到损害或无法及时传播信息。这种传输失败通常会导致区块链中出现不良的分叉事件。因此，在这种不稳定的网络中保持低能耗和小延迟是非常重要和具有挑战性的。为了量化分叉的影响并最大限度地减少此类不良事件的发生及其不利影响，我们开发了一个程序来估计给定一组矿工、块传输和 LEO 或无人机的移动性的预期能源消耗。此外，我们阐明了基于深度学习的移动挖矿资源分配，并展示了 FL 与区块链的协同增益。
【关键词】区块链；无人机；延误；卫星；低地球轨道卫星；传感器；协作工作；区块链；联邦学习；分叉；低地球轨道（LEO）卫星；移动矿工；卫星物联网；无人机
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