【Author】 Rakshit, Sandip Islam, Nazrul Mondal, Sandeep Paul, Tripti

【Source】TECHNOVATION

【影响因子】11.373

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-市场分析

【Abstract】This study examines the impact of blockchain technology (BCT) on small and medium-sized enterprises' (SMEs) internationalization. Further, it examines how Amazon as a platform reframes the global partnership environment via the BCT network that enables Indian SMEs to operate globally. Data were collected from 291 employees at 43 high-tech SMEs in India. They revealed untapped interest in how Indian SMEs will use Amazon for global operations. Several factors, such as processes to strategize, synergize, and standardize, are described as needing to be addressed before SMEs can boost integrated business efficiency, especially with regards to marketing capacity, scale, scope, and financial performance. The study represents a critical theoretical contribution to Amazon-based global operations by developing the 3S Triangle Model, which could provide a basis for future business practice. Furthermore, the study defines and addresses the evolution of BCT that Amazon has used-and continues to use-as a global operations platform. At the convergence of BCT, Amazon, and global retail activities, we propose and advance an integrated model of BCT-driven global operations among SMEs that provides a holistic view of state-of-the-art practices and exciting avenues for future study.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Blockchain technology; SMEs; Global operations; High-tech firms; 3S Triangle model; Amazon; Structural equation modeling

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.1016/j.technovation.2022.102518

【Author】 Toorajipour, Reza Oghazi, Pejvak Sohrabpour, Vahid Patel, Pankaj C. Mostaghel, Rana

【Source】TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE

【影响因子】10.884

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-电商领域

【Abstract】Heterogeneity and complicated processes, risk of information leakage, and higher costs are some of the challenges that stem from third-party involvement in business transactions. This study proposes a novel mechanism to address the shortcomings of third-party-dependent transactions in the context of international trade. Moreover, we provide business process modeling, deployed in a business transaction scenario, to furnish a deeper perspective on the working of the mechanism based on Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) 2.0 standards and guidelines. By analyzing and identifying blockchain roles and capabilities, this study proposes a blockchain technology-based letter of credit (BTLC), which is a mechanism providing letters of credit (LCs) that incorporate the benefits of blockchain and smart contracts.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】International trade; Blockchain; Trade finance; Letter of credit; Peer-to-peer business transaction

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121714

【Author】 Cascini, Fidelia Beccia, Flavia Causio, Francesco A. Gentili, Andrea Melnyk, Andriy Boccia, Stefania Ricciardi, Walter

【Source】DIGITAL HEALTH

【影响因子】4.687

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】The recent progress of genomics research is providing unprecedented insight into human genetic variance, susceptibility to disease and risk stratification. Current trends predict that a massive amount of genomic data will be produced in the upcoming years which, when coupled with the fast-paced development of the field, will create new social, ethical, and legal challenges. In the complex legislative environment of the European Union, genomic data sharing policies will have to weigh the benefits of scientific discovery against the ethical risks posed by the act of sharing sensitive data. In this complex, interconnected environment, blockchain provides a unique and novel solution to accountability, traceability, and transparency issues regarding genomic data sharing. Implementing a distributed ledger technology-based database could empower both patients and citizens to responsibly use genomic data pertaining to them because it allows for a higher degree of control over the recipients of their data and their uses. The blockchain technology will engage both data owners and policymakers to address the multiple issues of genomic data sharing and allow us to redefine the way we look at genomics.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Genomics; blockchain; data; tokenization; distributed ledger; European Union

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.1177/20552076221114225

【Author】 Wang, Liukun Qi, Chunjie Jiang, Peng Xiang, Si

【Source】INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH

【影响因子】4.614

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-农牧领域

【Abstract】In the context of COVID-19, the circulation of agricultural products is increasingly important for the nutrition and health of people. With the changing needs of society and the advancement of technology, the agricultural product circulation system needs to undergo corresponding changes to adapt to the modern fast-paced social system. Blockchain technology couples with the circulation of agricultural products, as its technical features, such as immutability and a distributed ledger database, ensures the speed and stability of the key information circulation process of agricultural products. The research goal of this paper was to clarify the influence of blockchain technology on the qualification rate and circulation efficiency for agricultural products. Based on the main characteristics of blockchain technology and a summary of domestic and foreign theoretical research, this paper simulated the impacts of blockchain technology on the agricultural product circulation system. The results revealed that blockchain technology can improve the qualification rate of agricultural products and thereby ensure their quality and safety. The introduction of blockchain increased the qualification rate by nearly 30%. Moreover, blockchain technology significantly enhanced the efficiency of the agricultural product circulation system, thereby greatly promoting economic benefits. The introduction of blockchain increased circulation efficiency by nearly 15%. Finally, the introduction of blockchain technology can effectively promote the governance level and reduce the supervision costs of the agricultural product circulation system. Through simulation analysis, we found that blockchain technology has a positive impact on both the qualification rate and circulation efficiency for agricultural products. These findings enrich research into the application of blockchain technology in the management and circulation of modern agricultural products.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; agricultural products; qualification rate; circulation efficiency; simulation analysis; food health

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/ijerph19137686

【Author】 Lopez-Barreiro, Juan Alvarez-Sabucedo, Luis Garcia-Soidan, Jose Luis Santos-Gago, Juan M.

【Source】INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH

【影响因子】4.614

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-公共管理

【Abstract】Blockchain technology provides a distributed support for information storage and traceability. Recently, it has been booming in a wide variety of domains: finance, food, energy, and health. In the field of physical activity, physical exercise, sport, and active ageing, this technology could also originate some interesting services introducing support for reliable repository of results, for gamification, or for secure data interchange. This systematic review explores the use of blockchain in this context. The objective is to determine to which extent this technology has fulfilled the potential of blockchain to bring these new added-value services. The authors explored 5 repositories in search of papers describing solutions applied to the above-mentioned frame. 17 papers were selected for full-text analysis, and they displayed diverse applications of blockchain, such as Fitness and healthcare, Sport, and Active ageing. A detailed analysis shows that the solutions found do not leverage all the possibilities of blockchain technology. Most of the solutions analyzed use blockchain for managing, sharing, and controlling access to data and do not exploit the possibilities of Smart Contracts or oracles. Additionally, the advantages of the blockchain model have not been fully exploited to engage users using approaches such as gamification.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】health promotion; DLT; training; sport activity; eHealth; fitness

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/ijerph19138129

【Author】 Xin, Xu Liu, Miaohui Wang, Xiaoli Chen, Haichao Chen, Kang

【Source】OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT

【影响因子】4.295

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-交通领域

【Abstract】In the post-COVID-19 pandemic era, how to promote blockchain technology to improve the efficiency of port customs clearance and logistics transparency has become a hot research question in the shipping industry. In this paper, we investigate the value of blockchain-based vertical cooperation led by a port or a shipping company in a one-to-two shipping service competition model. A status quo scenario and two different investment scenarios led by different stakeholders are constructed, and equilibrium solutions of the Stackelberg game in three scenarios are proposed. Meanwhile, consumer surplus and social welfare under different cooperation frameworks are discussed. We find that i) investment in blockchain technology can significantly increase the profits of shipping supply chain participants. ii) From the point of view of profit, when the investment efficiency of the port and the shipping company satisfies a certain relationship, there is a balanced strategy for both parties to invest in blockchain technology. iii) The more intense the competition for the services of shipping companies, the lower the level of blockchain technology to improve the logistics capabilities of the shipping supply chain participants. iv) The port's investment in blockchain technology brings more consumer surplus and social welfare. The abovementioned findings can provide managerial insights for ports and shipping companies and present decision support for the government to formulate blockchain technology promotion policies.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Shipping supply chain; Customs clearance efficiency; Logistics transparency; Blockchain technology; Stackelberg game

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106263

【Author】 Wu, Susie Ruqun Shirkey, Gabriela Celik, Ilke Shao, Changliang Chen, Jiquan

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-能源领域

【Abstract】The rise of artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain (BC), and the internet of things (IoT) has had significant applications in the advancement of sustainability research. This review examines how these digital transformations drive natural and human systems, as well as which industry sectors have been applying them to advance sustainability. We adopted qualitative research methods, including a bibliometric analysis, in which we screened 960 publications to identify the leading sectors that apply AI/BC/IoT, and a content analysis to identify how each sector uses AI/BC/IoT to advance sustainability. We identified "smart city", "energy system", and "supply chain" as key leading sectors. Of these technologies, IoT received the most real-world applications in the "smart city" sector under the dimensions of "smart environment" and "smart mobility" and provided applications resolving energy consumption in the "energy system" sector. AI effectively resolved scheduling, prediction, and monitoring for both the "smart city" and "energy system" sectors. BC remained highly theoretical for "supply chain", with limited applications. The technological integration of AI and IoT is a research trend for the "smart city" and "energy system" sectors, while BC and IoT is proposed for the "supply chain". We observed a surge in AI/BC/IoT sustainability research since 2016 and a new research trend-technological integration-since 2020. Collectively, six of the United Nation's seventeen sustainable development goals (i.e., 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13) have been the most widely involved with these technologies.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】literature review; sustainability; AI; BC; IoT; smart city; energy system; supply chain

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/su14137851

【Author】 Kraft, Sarah Katharina Kellner, Florian

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-供应链

【Abstract】Many supply chains within developing countries lack transparency and are fraught with fraud, corruption, and a substantial number of intermediaries. For several decades, the cocoa sector has faced multiple social, economic, and environmental challenges, some of which include the issue of child labor and very low incomes for farmers, leading to poor living conditions. Blockchain technology has a high potential to reduce-or completely eradicate-some of these hurdles. In this article, we present a blockchain-based solution based on the open-source framework Hyperledger Fabric for the cocoa supply chain to promote transparency and reduce fraud. In doing so, we explicitly describe how farmers can be directly integrated into the whole blockchain solution considering the limited infrastructure, knowledge, and technologies available to them. Since about 70% of all cocoa worldwide is produced in West Africa, this case study uses the cocoa sector in Ghana as an example.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】sustainability; cocoa; blockchain; supply chain; transparency

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/su14138044

【Author】 Kitsantas, Thomas

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-企业管理

【Abstract】An Enterprise Resource-Planning (ERP) system is a complex, highly integrated software package for business organizations. However, an ERP system still has its limits, since the ERP business model is centered around individual enterprises. Today there is a great need for closer interactions between enterprises worldwide, a necessity that ERP systems face great difficulties with, when expanding to a full-on ecosystem. By integrating Blockchain Technology (BT) with ERP, we are entering a new epoch of decentralization, allowing organizations to function frictionless in a unified ecosystem. This study highlights the importance of integrating BT and ERP systems as well as explores the major prospective pillars for utilizing BT and ERP. This paper contributes to the academic literature, since there is little research evidence concerning the technical and business aspects of BT and ERP, so it fills the gap by exploring the main potential areas for deploying BT and ERP systems.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】BT; ERP; business; ledger; distributed; BaaS

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/su14137633

【Author】 Burlacu, Mihai Boboc, Razvan Gabriel Butila, Eugen Valentin

【Source】SUSTAINABILITY

【影响因子】3.889

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-公共管理

【Abstract】The concept "smart city" nowadays designates a plethora of things. The multiple meanings associated with the smart city, and its imperfect synonym the "robotic city", continue to provide a topic of debate. In this paper we aim to present an epistemologically grounded review of articles focused on the concept of "smart city" and its correlatives. The goal of this article is to ascertain whether the scientific character of the theories employed in such articles is discussed and/or ascertained. For this purpose, we used Popper's method of falsification: a theory's scientific character is determined by its falsifiability and eventual falsification. Papers from the literature were extracted using the PRISMA method, and 15 studies were assessed as eligible for analysis. Most conclusions and results expounded in the articles reviewed that claim to be scientific are arguably based on the unsound logic of verification and confirmation rather than falsification. This has the detrimental effect of reducing to the category of logically false universal instantiations the majority of conclusions about (a) smart city services and infrastructures, (b) intelligent transportation systems and (c) blockchain/Internet of Things.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】smart city; transportation; epistemology

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/su14138109

【Author】 Zhang, Yang Lv, Xiaowen Chen, Yourong Ren, Tiaojuan Yang, Changchun Han, Meng

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链治理-技术治理-挖矿检测

【Abstract】Blockchain has become one of the key techniques for the security of the industrial internet. However, the blockchain is vulnerable to FAW (Fork after Withholding) attacks. To protect the industrial internet from FAW attacks, this paper proposes a novel FAW attack protection algorithm (FAWPA) based on the behavior of blockchain miners. Firstly, FAWPA performs miner data preprocessing based on the behavior of the miners. Then, FAWPA proposes a behavioral reward and punishment mechanism and a credit scoring model to obtain cumulative credit value with the processed data. Moreover, we propose a miner's credit classification mechanism based on fuzzy C-means (FCM), which combines the improved Aquila optimizer (AO) with strong solving ability. That is, FAWPA combines the miner's accumulated credit value and multiple attack features as the basis for classification, and optimizes cluster center selection by simulating Aquila's predation behavior. It can improve the solution update mechanism in different optimization stages. FAWPA can realize the rapid classification of miners' credit levels by improving the speed of identifying malicious miners. To evaluate the protective effect of the target mining pool, FAWPA finally establishes a mining pool and miner revenue model under FAW attack. The simulation results show that FAWPA can thoroughly and efficiently detect malicious miners in the target mining pool. FAWPA also improves the recall rate and precision rate of malicious miner detection, and it improves the cumulative revenue of the target mining pool. The proposed algorithm performs better than ND, RSCM, AWRS, and ICRDS.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; FAW attack; proof of work; malicious miner detection; industrial internet

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/s22135032

【Author】 Shahzad, Aamir Gherbi, Abdelouahed Zhang, Kaiwen

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-交通领域

【Abstract】With the advent of modern technologies, including the IoT and blockchain, smart-parking (SP) systems are becoming smarter and smarter. Similar to other automated systems, and particularly those that require automation or minimal interaction with humans, the SP system is heuristic in delivering performances, such as throughput in terms of latency, efficiency, privacy, and security, and it is considered a long-term cost-effective solution. This study looks ahead to future trends and developments in SP systems and presents an inclusive, long-term, effective, and well-performing smart autonomous vehicle parking (SAVP) system that explores and employs the emerging fog-computing and blockchain technologies as robust solutions to strengthen the existing collaborative IoT-cloud platform to build and manage SP systems for autonomous vehicles (AVs). In other words, the proposed SAVP system offers a smart-parking solution, both indoors and outdoors, and mainly for AVs looking for vacant parking, wherein the fog nodes act as a middleware layer that provides various parking operations closer to IoT-enabled edge devices. To address the challenges of privacy and security, a lightweight integrated blockchain and cryptography (LIBC) module is deployed, which is functional at each fog node, to authorize and grant access to the AVs in every phase of parking (e.g., from the parking entrance to the parking slot to the parking exit). A proof-of-concept implementation was conducted, wherein the overall computed results, such as the average response time, efficiency, privacy, and security, were examined as highly efficient to enable a proven SAVP system. This study also examined an innovative pace, with careful considerations to combatting the existing SP-system challenges and, therefore, to building and managing future scalable SP systems.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Internet of Things; cloud computing; fog; edge computing; smart autonomous parking system; radio-frequency identification; blockchain; cryptography

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/s22134849

【Author】 Pajooh, Houshyar Honar Rashid, Mohammad A. Alam, Fakhrul Demidenko, Serge

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链技术-平台项目-Hyperledger Fabric

【Abstract】Blockchain technology, with its decentralization characteristics, immutability, and traceability, is well-suited for facilitating secure storage, sharing, and management of data in decentralized Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Despite the increasing development of blockchain platforms, there is still no comprehensive approach for adopting blockchain technology in IoT systems. This is due to the blockchain's limited capability to process substantial transaction requests from a massive number of IoT devices. Hyperledger Fabric (HLF) is a popular open-source permissioned blockchain platform hosted by the Linux Foundation. This article reports a comprehensive empirical study that measures HLF's performance and identifies potential performance bottlenecks to better meet the requirements of blockchain-based IoT applications. The study considers the implementation of HLF on distributed large-scale IoT systems. First, a model for monitoring the performance of the HLF platform is presented. It addresses the overhead challenges while delivering more details on system performance and better scalability. Then, the proposed framework is implemented to evaluate the impact of varying network workloads on the performance of the blockchain platform in a large-scale distributed environment. In particular, the performance of the HLF is evaluated in terms of throughput, latency, network size, scalability, and the number of peers serviceable by the platform. The obtained experimental results indicate that the proposed framework can provide detailed real-time performance evaluation of blockchain systems for large-scale IoT applications.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; Hyperledger Fabric; performance; throughput; latency; scalability

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/s22134868

【Author】 Milicevic, Kruno Omrcen, Luka Kohler, Mirko Lukic, Ivica

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链技术-协同技术-物联网

【Abstract】Trends for the digital transformation of metrology and regulation of metrology through IT have some keywords in common with the main properties of the blockchain, such as traceability, immutability, and machine-readable documents. The possible applicability of the blockchain as an innovative IT solution for metrology regulation is known in the scientific community. Still, blockchain implementation must consider the entire metrology pyramid-the technical aspects and the legal framework intrinsic to metrology. This is also valid for possible IoT blockchain applications. In resolving the issues, this paper applies a bottom-up approach, starting from IoT devices analyzed as oracles and building up to the sole definition of measurement units, thereby discussing technical aspects concerning relevant standardization documents. The resulting trust model concept encompasses the vertical and horizontal traceability of the measurement results (oracle data), where normative standards and legal requirements are crucial for building trust. Conclusively, for practical implementations, it will be necessary to analyze blockchain properties and applicability with a view to the standard requirements, as shown for WELMEC.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; IoT; metrology

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/s22134708

【Author】 Freire, Warlley Paulo Melo Jr, Wilson S. do Nascimento, Vinicius D. Nascimento, Paulo R. M. de Sa, Alan Oliveira

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-农牧领域

【Abstract】Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) is a strategic field of study that seeks to provide a coastal country with an effective monitoring of its maritime resources and its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). In this scope, a Maritime Monitoring System (MMS) aims to leverage active surveillance of military and non-military activities at sea using sensing devices such as radars, optronics, automatic Identification Systems (AISs), and IoT, among others. However, deploying a nation-scale MMS imposes great challenges regarding the scalability and cybersecurity of this heterogeneous system. Aiming to address these challenges, this work explores the use of blockchain to leverage MMS cybersecurity and to ensure the integrity, authenticity, and availability of relevant navigation data. We propose a prototype built on a permissioned blockchain solution using HyperLedger Fabric-a robust, modular, and efficient open-source blockchain platform. We evaluate this solution's performance through a practical experiment where the prototype receives sensing data from a Software-Defined-Radio (SDR)-based low-cost AIS receiver built with a Raspberry Pi. In order to reduce scalability attrition, we developed a dockerized blockchain client easily deployed on a large scale. Furthermore, we determined, through extensive experimentation, the client optimal hardware configuration, also aiming to reduce implementation and maintenance costs. The performance results provide a quantitative analysis of the blockchain technology overhead and its impact in terms of Quality of Service (QoS), demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of our solution in the scope of an MMS using AIS data.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】permissioned blockchain; maritime monitoring system; hyperledger fabric; automatic identification system; Docker

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/s22134895

【Author】 Chen, Hsing-Chung Irawan, Bambang Hsu, Pei-Yu Su, Jhih-Sheng Lin, Chun-Wei (jerry) Prayitno Putra, Karisma Trinanda Damarjati, Cahya Weng, Chien-Erh Liang, Yao-Hsien Chang, Pi-Hsien

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-智能合约

【Abstract】Advances in information technology (IT) and operation technology (OT) accelerate the development of manufacturing systems (MS) consisting of integrated circuits (ICs), modules, and systems, toward Industry 4.0. However, the existing MS does not support comprehensive identity forensics for the whole system, limiting its ability to adapt to equipment authentication difficulties. Furthermore, the development of trust imposed during their crosswise collaborations with suppliers and other manufacturers in the supply chain is poorly maintained. In this paper, a trust chain framework with a comprehensive identification mechanism is implemented for the designed MS system, which is based and created on the private blockchain in conjunction with decentralized database systems to boost the flexibility, traceability, and identification of the IC-module-system. Practical implementations are developed using a functional prototype. First, the decentralized application (DApp) and the smart contracts are proposed for constructing the new trust chain under the proposed comprehensive identification mechanism by using blockchain technology. In addition, the blockchain addresses of IC, module, and system are automatically registered to InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), individually. In addition, their corresponding hierarchical CID (content identifier) values are organized by using Merkle DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph), which is employed via the hierarchical content identifier mechanism (HCIDM) proposed in this paper. Based on insights obtained from this analysis, the trust chain based on HCIDM can be applied to any MS system, for example, this trust chain could be used to prevent the counterfeit modules and ICs employed in the monitoring system of a semiconductor factory environment. The evaluation results show that the proposed scheme could work in practice under the much lower costs, compared to the public blockchain, with a total cost of 0.002094 Ether. Finally, this research is developed an innovation trust chain mechanism that could be provided the system-level security for any MS toward Industrial 4.0 in order to meet the requirements of both manufacturing innovation and product innovation in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】trust chain framework; blockchain; comprehensive identification mechanism; manufacturing innovation and product innovation

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/s22134831

【Author】 Barenji, Ali, V Montreuil, Benoit

【Source】SENSORS

【影响因子】3.847

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-物流领域

【Abstract】The digitalization and adoption of advanced technologies in supply chain and logistics not only change the business model but also transfer logistics infrastructure to a service-oriented architecture and introduce new avenues concerning supply chain 4.0 (SC4.0). Sharing logistic assets between various businesses leads to improving logistics work, enhancing work productivity, and reducing logistics expenses and environmental impact. However, due to the lack of a secure, trustworthy, and open sharing platform, the companies are not willing to rely on sharing economics. Aiming to improve trust-ability, openness, and interoperability in the SC4.0, this paper presents a blockchain-enabled hyperconnected logistics platform. Firstly, the Open Logistic platform (OL) is proposed, and the key characteristics of this platform are explained. Secondly, the concept of proof of delivery (PoD) based on smart contracts is defined and developed to explore its rule-based management and control among the dynamic assets sharing. Thirdly, the Blockchain asset sharing service is designed and discussed in the context of asset sharing. Fourthly to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed platform, a simulation environment is developed, and OL is implemented based on the case study.

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【Keywords】open logistics; blockchain; supply chain 4; 0; hyperconnected; asset sharing; trust-ability

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/s22134699

【Author】 Wang, Xiuli Yao, Fang Wen, Fushuan

【Source】ENERGIES

【影响因子】3.252

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-能源领域

【Abstract】In the context of modern power system development to support the evolution towards green energy and carbon-neutral emission goals, many existing problems and even challenges demand new technical solutions. In recent years, decentralized blockchain technology has been employed to address some problems in power systems, and many papers have been published. In this paper, the concept of blockchain is first introduced. A brief survey of the existing publications regarding the applications of blockchain in power systems, including power system dispatching, microgrid operation, energy trading, electricity trading settlement, transmission, and distribution system operation, is then carried out. In addition, several application scenarios of blockchain technology in power systems are also introduced. Through the discussion, we found that we still need to weigh the advantages and disadvantages, overcome its leakage, and bring its value into play if we apply blockchain technology in modern power systems in support of zero carbon goals.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】power system; blockchain; information technology; literature survey

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/en15134516

【Author】 Wang, Tao Li, Chaoqun Li, Hongyan Li, Zheheng

【Source】BMJ OPEN

【影响因子】3.006

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】Objective By using health code blockchain, cities can maximise the use of personal information while maximising the protection of personal privacy in the monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of listed vaccines. Design This study constructs an urban COVID-19 listed vaccine effectiveness (VE) monitoring, evaluation and application system based on the health code blockchain. This study uses this system and statistical simulation to analyse three urban application scenarios, namely evaluating the vaccination rate (VR) and determining the optimal vaccination strategy, evaluating herd immunity and monitoring the VE on variant. Main outcome measures The primary outcomes first establish an urban COVID-19 listed VE monitoring, evaluation and application system by using the health code blockchain, combined with the dynamic monitoring model of VE, the evaluation index system of VE and the monitoring and evaluation system of personal privacy information use, and then three measures are analysed in urban simulation: one is to take the index reflecting urban population mobility as the weight to calculate the comprehensive VR, the second is to calculate the comprehensive basic reproduction number (R) in the presence of asymptomatic persons, the third is to compare the difference between the observed effectiveness and the true effectiveness of listed vaccines under virus variation. Results Combining this system and simulation, this study finds: (1) The comprehensive VR, which is weighted to reflect urban population mobility, is more accurate than the simple VR which does not take into account urban population mobility. Based on population mobility, the algorithm principle of urban optimal vaccination strategy is given. In the simulation of urban listed vaccination involving six regions, programmes 1 and 5 have the best protective effect among the eight vaccination programmes, and the optimal vaccination order is 3-5-2-4-6-1. (2) In the presence of asymptomatic conditions, the basic reproduction number, namely R0*(1-VR*VE), does not accurately reflect the effect of herd immunity, but the comprehensive basic reproduction number (R) should be used. The R is directly proportional to the proportion of asymptomatic people (aw) and the duration of the incubation period (ip), and inversely proportional to the VR, the VE and the number of days transmitted in the ip (k). In the simulation analysis, when symptomatic R0=3, even with aw=0.2, the R decreases to nearly 1 until the VR reaches 95%. When aw=0.8, even when the entire population is vaccinated, namely VR=1, the R is 1.688, and still significantly greater than 1. If the R is to be reduced to 1, the VE needs to be increased to 0.87. (3) This system can more comprehensively and accurately grasp the impact of the variant virus on urban VE. The traditional epidemiological investigation can lose the contacts of infected persons, which leads to the deviation between the observed effectiveness and the true effectiveness. Virus variation aggravates the loss, and then increases the deviation. Simulation case 1 assumes the unvaccinated rate of 0.8, the ongoing VR of 0.1, the completed VR of 0.1 and an average infection rate of 2% for the variant virus. If a vaccine is more than 90% effectiveness against the premutant virus, but only 80% effectiveness against the mutant virus, and because 80% of the unvaccinated people who are not infected are not observed, the observed effectiveness of the vaccine is 91.76%, it will lead to the wrong judgement that the VE against the variant virus is not decreased. Simulation case 2 assumes the unvaccinated rate of 0. 8, the ongoing VR of 0.1, the completed VR of 0.1 and an average infection rate of 5% for the variant virus. Simulation finds that the higher the proportion of unvaccinated infected people who are not observed, the lower the estimate of observed effectiveness; and the lower the true effectiveness, the larger the gap between observed effectiveness and true effectiveness. Simulation case 3 assumes the unvaccinated rate of 0.2, the ongoing VR of 0.2, the completed VR of 0.6 and an average infection rate of 2% for the variant virus. Simulation finds that the higher the proportion of unobserved completed vaccination patients who are not infected, the lower the estimate of observed effectiveness; and the lower the true effectiveness, the larger the gap between observed effectiveness and true effectiveness. Simulation case 4 assumes the unvaccinated rate of 0.2, the ongoing VR of 0.2, the completed VR of 0.6 and an average infection rate of 5% for the variant virus. If a vaccine is more than 90% effectiveness against the premutant virus, but only 80% effectiveness against the mutant virus, and because 80% of the infected people with complete vaccination are not observed, the observed effectiveness of the vaccine is 91.95%, similar to case 1, it will lead to the wrong judgement that the VE against the variant virus is not decreased. Conclusion Compared with traditional epidemiological investigation, this system can meet the challenges of accelerating virus variation and a large number of asymptomatic people, dynamically monitor and accurately evaluate the effectiveness of listed vaccines and maximise personal privacy without locking down the relevant area or city. This system established in this study could serve as a universal template for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of COVID-19 listed vaccines in cities around the world. If this system can be promoted globally, it will promote countries to strengthen unity and cooperation and enhance the global ability to respond to COVID-19.

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【Keywords】COVID-19; Health policy; Epidemiology

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057281

【Author】 Tenkam, Herve M. Mba, Jules C. Mwambi, Sutene M.

【Source】APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

【影响因子】2.838

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-市场分析

【Abstract】This paper focuses on the selection and optimisation of a cryptoasset portfolio, using the K-means clustering algorithm and GARCH C-Vine copula model combined with the differential evolution algorithm. This integrated approach allows the construction of a diversified portfolio of eight cryptocurrencies and determines an optimal allocation strategy making it possible to minimize the conditional value-at-risk of the portfolio and maximise the return. Our results show that stablecoins such as True-USD are negatively correlated to the other cryptoassets in the portfolio and could therefore be a safe haven for crypto-investors during market turmoil. Our findings are in line with previous studies exhibiting stablecoins as potential diversifiers.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】multivariate t-copula; CVaR; differential evolution algorithm; K-means clustering; vine copula; cryptocurrency

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/app12136408

【Author】 Mohammad, Abdulghafour Vargas, Sergio

【Source】APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

【影响因子】2.838

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-教育领域

【Abstract】Blockchain is one of the latest innovations that is increasingly attracting the attention of various stakeholders in different fields, including the education sector. This is primarily due to its attractive features, such as decentralization, transparency, traceability, security, and reliability. Despite its advantages, blockchain still faces several challenges, and the acceptance rate of this technology is still low. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a review of published articles that have discussed the challenges of adopting blockchain in the education sector. The review contained scientific papers published from 2017 to 2022 and, from the screened records, 32 articles were analyzed in full-text form. In this review, 14 challenges were reported and classified, based on the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework. In addition, this review showed that organizational and environmental barriers received little attention in the literature, compared to technological barriers.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; distributed ledgers; blockchain challenges; blockchain in education; decentralized education

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 综述

【DOI】 10.3390/app12136380

【Author】 Hisseine, Mahamat Ali Chen, Deji Yang, Xiao

【Source】APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL

【影响因子】2.838

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-传媒领域

【Abstract】Social media has transformed the mode of communication globally by providing an extensive system for exchanging ideas, initiating business contracts, and proposing new professional ideas. However, there are many limitations to the use of social media, such as misinformation, lack of effective content moderation, digital piracy, data breaches, identity fraud, and fake news. In order to address these limitations, several studies have introduced the application of Blockchain technology in social media. Blockchains can provides transparency, traceability, tamper-proofing, confidentiality, security, information control, and supervision. This paper is a systematic literature review of papers covering the application of Blockchain technology in social media. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic literature review that elucidates the combination of Blockchain and social media. Using several electronic databases, 42 related papers were reviewed. Our findings show that previous studies on the applications of Blockchain in social media are focused mainly on blocking fake news and enhancing data privacy. Research in this domain began in 2017. This review additionally discusses several challenges in applying Blockchain technologies in social media contexts, and proposes alternative ideas for future implementation and research.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】blockchain; social media; online network sites; application of blockchain

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/app12136567

【Author】 Yang, Tianjian Li, Chunmei Yue, Xiongping Zhang, Beibei

【Source】MATHEMATICS

【影响因子】2.592

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-环境领域

【Abstract】Enterprises in low-carbon supply chains have been exploring blockchain technology in order to make carbon data transparent. However, there is still some opaque information in the market, such as the value-added service efficiency. How do supply chain members make decisions between information sharing and blockchain adoption? This study considers blockchain adoption and information sharing in a low-carbon supply chain with a single manufacturer and a single retailer. The retailer has private information about value-added services and decides how to share it with the manufacturer. We examine six combined strategies comprised of blockchain scenarios and information sharing formats (no sharing, voluntary sharing, and mandatory sharing). The results indicate that supply chain members prefer blockchain technology under no sharing and voluntary sharing. Under mandatory sharing, supply chain members have incentives to participate in blockchain when the value-added service efficiency exceeds a threshold value. While the manufacturer prefers to obtain the value-added service information, the retailer decides to share information depending on the value-added service efficiency. Besides, supply chain members' attitude toward the sharing contract also depends on the value-added service efficiency.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】low-carbon supply chain; blockchain; value-added service; information sharing; game theory

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/math10132233

【Author】 Kaur, Manpreet Gupta, Shikha Kumar, Deepak Verma, Chaman Neagu, Bogdan-Constantin Raboaca, Maria Simona

【Source】MATHEMATICS

【影响因子】2.592

【主题类别】

区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制

【Abstract】As the backbone of every blockchain application, the consensus protocol is impacted by numerous risks, namely resource requirements and energy consumption, which limit the usage of blockchain. Applications such as IoT/IIoT cannot use these high-cost consensus methods due to limited resources. Therefore, we introduce Delegated Proof of Accessibility (DPoAC), a new consensus technique that employs secret sharing, PoS with random selection, and an interplanetary file system (IPFS).DPoAC is decomposed into two stages. During the initial stage, a secret is generated by a randomly chosen super node and divided into n shares. These shares are encrypted and stored in different n nodes on the IPFS network. The nodes will compete to access these shareholders to reconstruct the secret. The winning node will be awarded block generation rights. PoS with random selection is used in the second stage to compute the appropriate hash value and construct a block with valid transactions. In this novel approach, a node with few computational resources and small stakes can still obtain block generation rights by providing access to secret shares and reconstructing the secret, making the system reasonably fair. We qualitatively analyze and compare our scheme based on performance parameters against existing mainstream consensus protocols in the context of IoT/IIoT networks.

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【Keywords】blockchain; consensus; DPoAC; secret sharing; IPFS; IoT; IIoT

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/math10132336

【Author】 Liu, Cheng-Yong Dong, Tian-Yu Meng, Ling-Xing

【Source】MOBILE INFORMATION SYSTEMS

【影响因子】1.863

【主题类别】

区块链治理-法律治理-区块链监管制度

【Abstract】The development of new technologies drives the digital transformation of the credit reporting industry and also brings new opportunities for cross-border credit reporting cooperation. This study focuses on a cross-border credit information sharing platform based on blockchain 3.0 and its legal guarantee, with an aim to promote the integrated development of credit reporting across the Taiwan Straits. This study first points out the difficulties of cross-border credit information sharing; second, the technical characteristics of blockchain such as distributed storage, point-to-point transmission, security and credibility, open source, and programmability are naturally suitable for solving the information sharing problems in the credit reporting industry. So, this study proposes a framework and a specific design of a cross-strait credit information sharing platform based on blockchain 3.0 infrastructure; finally, in order to ensure the smooth operation of the platform, this study suggests signing a series of nonnormative "soft law" documents in the principles of equality, willingness, and consultation to provide legal guarantee for cross-border credit sharing.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-08-05

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.1155/2022/6972647