【Author】 Hajiaghapour-Moghimi, Mehran Hosseini, Kamyar Azimi Hajipour, Ehsan Vakilian, Mehdi

【Source】IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID

【影响因子】10.275

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-

【Abstract】Cryptocurrency mining device (CMD) is a plug-and-play device installed by any low-voltage customer to convert electrical energy to digital money. Recently, the significant increase in the price of digital currencies has persuaded residential customers in many countries to employ CMDs to obtain quick and easy profit. However, these rapidly evolving loads can cause a substantial increase in the coincident peak load of distribution networks. Therefore, it can threaten the safe and reliable operation of the network. A straightforward way to restrict the penetration rate of these home-based miners is to increase the electricity price such that this business becomes unprofitable; however, this solution affects the national regulations and is not practical in many countries. This paper proposes a practical electricity pricing strategy to manage the operation of cryptocurrency mining loads appropriately. This pricing strategy can change the miner' threat to an opportunity to sell more electrical energy during the off-peak hours to these loads and to maximize the profit of the utility. The proposed strategy is studied using the load profile dataset obtained from the measurements of Tehran Electricity Distribution Company, and its effectiveness is demonstrated.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Pricing; Cryptocurrency; Costs; Distribution networks; Business; Tariffs; Blockchains; Bitcoin; cryptocurrency; distribution transformer; increasing block tariff; micro-miner; mining prohibition

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-05-29

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.1109/TSG.2021.3138906

【Author】 Subramanian, Hemang Subramanian, Susmitha

【Source】JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH

【影响因子】7.076

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】Background: Recent advancements in digital pathology resulting from advances in imaging and digitization have increased the convenience and usability of pathology for disease diagnosis, especially in oncology, urology, and gastroenteric diagnosis. However, despite the possibilities to include low-cost diagnosis and viable telemedicine, digital pathology is not yet accessible owing to expensive storage, data security requirements, and network bandwidth limitations to transfer high-resolution images and associated data. The increase in storage, transmission, and security complexity concerning data collection and diagnosis makes it even more challenging to use artificial intelligence algorithms for machine-assisted disease diagnosis. We designed and prototyped a digital pathology system that uses blockchain-based smart contracts using the nonfungible token (NFT) standard and the Interplanetary File System for data storage. Our design remediates shortcomings in the existing digital pathology systems infrastructure, which is centralized. The proposed design is extendable to other fields of medicine that require high-fidelity image and data storage. Our solution is implemented in data systems that can improve access quality of care and reduce the cost of access to specialized pathological diagnosis, reducing cycle times for diagnosis. Objective: The main objectives of this study are to highlight the issues in digital pathology and suggest that a software architecture-based blockchain and the Interplanetary File System create a low-cost data storage and transmission technology. Methods: We used the design science research method consisting of 6 stages to inform our design overall. We innovated over existing public-private designs for blockchains but using a 2-layered approach that separates actual file storage from metadata and data persistence. Results: Here, we identified key challenges to adopting digital pathology, including challenges concerning long-term storage and the transmission of information. Next, using accepted frameworks in NFT-based intelligent contracts and recent innovations in distributed secure storage, we proposed a decentralized, secure, and privacy-preserving digital pathology system. Our design and prototype implementation using Solidity, web3.js, Ethereum, and node.js helped us address several challenges facing digital pathology. We demonstrated how our solution, which combines NFT smart contract standard with persistent decentralized file storage, solves most of the challenges of digital pathology and sets the stage for reducing costs and improving patient care and speed of diagnosis. Conclusions: We identified technical limitations that increase costs and reduce the mass adoption of digital pathology. We presented several design innovations using NFT decentralized storage standards to prototype a system. We also presented the implementation details of a unique security architecture for a digital pathology system. We illustrated how this design can overcome privacy, security, network-based storage, and data transmission limitations. We illustrated how improving these factors sets the stage for improving data quality and standardized application of machine learning and artificial intelligence to such data.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】digital pathology; nonfungible token standard; decentralized storage; security and patient data confidentiality using design; pathology; storage; security; confidentiality; data; design; diagnosis; proof of concept; implementation; software; blockchain; limitation; privacy

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-05-29

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.2196/34207

【Author】 Ifdil, Ifdil Situmorang, Dominikus David Biondi Firman, Firman Zola, Nilma Rangka, Itsar Bolo Fadli, Rima Pratiwi

【Source】JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH

【影响因子】5.058

【主题类别】

区块链应用-虚拟经济-元宇宙

【Abstract】Currently, Metaverse has become a hot topic of conversation everywhere. Therefore, this can also be an accurate solution to the mental health challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hopefully in the future, mental health workers can make the best use of it.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Metaverse; mental health; helping profession; COVID-19

【发表时间】

【收录时间】2022-05-29

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1093/pubmed/fdac049

【Author】 Liu, Xiao Fan Akcora, Cuneyt Gurcan Zhang, Zhong-Yuan Liu, Jian-Guo

【Source】FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS

【影响因子】3.718

【主题类别】

区块链治理-技术治理-链上数据分析

【Abstract】

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】cryptocurrency; blockchain analytics; bitcoin; ethereum; network science

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-05-29

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3389/fphy.2022.876983

【Author】 Buonocore, Luca Yates, Jim Valentini, Riccardo

【Source】FORESTS

【影响因子】3.282

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-环境领域

【Abstract】The increasing importance of forest ecosystems for human society and planetary health is widely recognized, and the advancement of data collection technologies enables new and integrated ways for forest ecosystems monitoring. Therefore, the target of this paper is to propose a framework to design a forest digital twin (FDT) that, by integrating different state variables at both tree and forest levels, creates a virtual copy of the forest. The integration of these data sets could be used for scientific purposes, for reporting the health status of forests, and ultimately for implementing sustainable forest management practices on the basis of the use cases that a specific implementation of the framework would underpin. Achieving such outcomes requires the twinning of single trees as a core element of the FDT by recording the physical and biotic state variables of the tree and of the near environment via real-virtual digital sockets. Following a nested approach, the twinned trees and the related physical and physiological processes are then part of a broader twinning of the entire forest realized by capturing data at forest scale from sources such as remote sensing technologies and flux towers. Ultimately, to unlock the economic value of forest ecosystem services, the FDT should implement a distributed ledger-based on blockchain and smart contracts to ensure the highest transparency, reliability, and thoroughness of the data and the related transactions and to sharpen forest risk management with the final goal to improve the capital flow towards sustainable practices of forest management.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】forest digital twin; ecosystem services; blockchain; IoT; Earth's digital models

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-05-29

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/f13040498

【Author】 Akbari, Rasoul Tajalli, Seyede Zahra Kavousi-Fard, Abdollah Izadian, Afshin

【Source】ENERGIES

【影响因子】3.252

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-能源领域

【Abstract】This paper introduces a modified consensus-based real-time optimization framework for utility-connected and islanded microgrids scheduling in normal conditions and under cyberattacks. The exchange of power with the utility is modeled, and the operation of the microgrid energy resources is optimized to minimize the total energy cost. This framework tracks both generation and load variations to decide optimal power generations and the exchange of power with the utility. A linear cost function is defined for the utility where the rates are updated at every time interval. In addition, a realistic approach is taken to limit the power generation from renewable energy sources, including photovoltaics (PVs), wind turbines (WTs), and dispatchable distributed generators (DDGs). The maximum output power of DDGs is limited to their ramp rates. Besides this, a specific cloud-fog architecture is suggested to make the real-time operation and monitoring of the proposed method feasible for utility-connected and islanded microgrids. The cloud-fog-based framework is flexible in applying demand response (DR) programs for more efficiency of the power operation. The algorithm's performance is examined on the 14 bus IEEE network and is compared with optimal results. Three operating scenarios are considered to model the load as light and heavy, and after denial of service (DoS) attack to indicate the algorithm's feasibility, robustness, and proficiency. In addition, the uncertainty of the system is analyzed using the unscented transformation (UT) method. The simulation results demonstrate a robust, rapid converging rate and the capability to track the load variations due to the probable responsive loads (considering DR programs) or natural alters of load demand.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】averaging consensus algorithm; demand response; distributed optimal dispatch; dispatchable sources; real-time optimization; utility-connected microgrid

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-05-29

【文献类型】 实证性文章

【DOI】 10.3390/en15082894

【Author】 Wang, Guizhou Hausken, Kjell

【Source】HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS

【影响因子】2.731

【主题类别】

区块链治理-市场治理-数字货币

【Abstract】Competition is analyzed between a fixed-supply currency (e.g. Bitcoin) and a variable-supply currency (e.g. a fiat currency). Two kinds of players support the currencies differently and choose their volume fractions of transactions in each currency. The variable-supply currency enables money printing/withdrawal and inflation/deflation, which counteract each other in each player's utility. The exponentially increasing 1959-2021 US M2 money supply and the positive inflation cause this utility to increase over time with high weight assigned to money printing/withdrawal, and decrease otherwise. Three replicator equations determine each player's volume fraction of transactions in each currency, and which kind of player each player prefers to be. High weight assigned to money supply relative to inflation induces players to prefer the variable-supply currency. A player's utility of transacting in each currency is proportional to the player's support of that currency, the volume fraction of all players' transactions in that currency, and the fraction of players of the same kind as the given player. A player's utility of transacting in the variable-supply currency is additionally proportional to two ratios. The first is the initial money supply plus the accumulative money printing/withdrawal divided by the initial money supply. The second is the inverse of the accumulative inflation/deflation. The players' fractions of transactions in each currency may be inverse U shaped or U shaped before typically converging towards preferring one or the other currency. If each player can choose which kind of player to be, it may choose to be the kind with the highest support of a given currency. If a player's utility of transacting in a given currency depends more on the fraction of players being of one kind than the other kind, the player prefers to be of the first kind, thus assigning less weight to its support of that currency and the volume fractions of transactions in that currency.

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-05-29

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1057/s41599-022-01150-3

【Author】 Sun, Zhijie Han, Dezhi Li, Dun Wang, Xiangsheng Chang, Chin-Chen Wu, Zhongdai

【Source】EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING

【影响因子】2.559

【主题类别】

区块链应用-实体经济-医疗领域

【Abstract】Medical data involves a large amount of personal information and is highly privacy sensitive. In the age of big data, the increasing informatization of healthcare makes it vital that medical information is stored securely and accurately. However, current medical information is subject to the risk of privacy leakage and difficult to share. To address these issues, this paper proposes a healthcare information security storage solution based on hyperledger fabric and the attribute-based access control framework. The scheme first utilizes attribute-based access control, which allows dynamic and fine-grained access to medical information, and then stores the medical information in the blockchain, which can be secured and tamper-proof by formulating corresponding smart contracts. In addition, this solution also incorporates IPFS technology to relieve the storage pressure of the blockchain. Experiments show that the proposed scheme combining access control of attributes and blockchain technology in this paper can not only ensure the secure storage and integrity of medical information but also has a high throughput when accessing medical information

你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成

【Keywords】Medical information; Hyperledger fabric; Smart contracts; ABAC; IPFS

【发表时间】2022

【收录时间】2022-05-29

【文献类型】 理论性文章

【DOI】 10.1186/s13638-022-02122-6