CCF-B
【影响因子】9.551
【主题类别】
区块链应用-交通领域-
【Abstract】Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN) as an efficient newly integration network could provide more comprehensive network services to meet the multifarious quality of service requirements in different Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). By taking advantage of SAGIN, Space-Air-Ground Integrated Vehicular Crowdsensing (SAGI-VCS) would have great potential and the services regarding ITS could be facilitated. However, centralized SAGI-VCS is usually vulnerable to malicious attacks and the trust issues are one of the main reasons that hinder its further development. Blockchain as a distributed hyperledger shows a vital potential to solve the trust problem of multiple participants who do not trust each other and tackle the security issues in SAGI-VCS. Additionally, selfishness is another factor that prevents vehicles from participating in SAGI-VCS. The vast majority of existing incentives for vehicular crowdsensing only focus on the terrestrial networks which cannot be directly used in SAGI-VCS. Meanwhile, the redundant winner phenomenon and the multi-attributes of participants are less considered by them. Toward this end, we first illustrate a blockchain-enabled service architecture for SAGI-VCS and then construct a unified representation model. Afterwards, a tensor computing based truthful incentive mechanism TensorBC for blockchain-enabled SAGI-VCS is proposed to motivate vehicles to participate in completing tasks, ensure the security of the whole process and maximize the social welfare. TensorBC not only can eliminate the redundant winner phenomenon, but also can guarantee the economic properties such as truthfulness, individual rationality and profitability. Finally, both the rigorous theoretical analysis and extensive experimental results show that TensorBC could achieve a better performance.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchains; Crowdsensing; Task analysis; Tensors; Transportation; Space vehicles; Sensors; Space-air-ground integrated network; intelligent transportation systems; blockchain; space-air-ground integrated vehicular crowdsensing; tensor computing; truthful incentive
【发表时间】
【收录时间】2022-03-27
【文献类型】 期刊
【Author】 Chen, Zhihao Zhuo, Haizhen Xu, Quanqing Qi, Xiaodong Zhu, Chengyu Zhang, Zhao Jin, Cheqing Zhou, Aoying Yan, Ying Zhang, Hui
【影响因子】3.557
【主题类别】
区块链技术-分布式存储-
【Abstract】We demonstrate SChain, a consortium blockchain that scales transaction processing to support large-scale enterprise applications. The unique advantage of SChain stems from the exploitation of both intra- and inter-block concurrency. The intra-block concurrency not only takes advantage of the multi-core processor on a single peer but also leverages the capacity of multiple peers. The interblock concurrency enables simultaneous processing across multiple blocks to increase the utilization of various peers. In our demonstration, we use real-time dashboards containing visualization based on the output of SChain to give the attendees interactive explorations of how SChain achieves intra- and inter-block concurrency.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】
【发表时间】2021
【收录时间】2022-03-27
【文献类型】 期刊
【DOI】 10.14778/3476311.3476348
【Author】 Zhang, Zhebin Dong, Dajie Ma, Yuhang Ying, Yilong Jiang, Dawei Chen, Ke Shou, Lidan Chen, Gang
【影响因子】3.557
【主题类别】
区块链应用-联邦学习-
【Abstract】Modern mobile applications often produce decentralized data, i.e., a huge amount of privacy-sensitive data distributed over a large number of mobile devices. Techniques for learning models from decentralized data must properly handle two natures of such data, namely privacy and massive engagement. Federated learning (FL) is a promising approach for such a learning task since the technique learns models from data without exposing privacy. However, traditional FL methods assume that the participating mobile devices are honest volunteers. This assumption makes traditional FL methods unsuitable for applications where two kinds of participants are engaged: 1) self-interested participants who, without economical stimulus, are reluctant to contribute their computing resources unconditionally, and 2) malicious participants who send corrupt updates to disrupt the learning process. This paper proposes Refiner, a reliable federated learning system for tackling the challenges introduced by massive engagements of self-interested and malicious participants. Refiner is built upon Ethereum, a public blockchain platform. To engage self-interested participants, we introduce an incentive mechanism which rewards each participant in terms of the amount of its training data and the performance of its local updates. To handle malicious participants, we propose an audit scheme which employs a committee of randomly chosen validators for punishing them with no reward and preclude corrupt updates from the global model. The proposed incentive and audit scheme is implemented with cryptocurrency and smart contract, two primitives offered by Ethereum. This paper demonstrates the main features of Refiner by training a digit classification model on the MNIST dataset.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】
【发表时间】2021
【收录时间】2022-03-27
【文献类型】 期刊
【DOI】 10.14778/3476311.3476313
【影响因子】3.476
【主题类别】
区块链应用-医疗领域-
【Abstract】Wearable fitness devices are widely used to track an individual's health and physical activities to improve the quality of health services. These devices sense a considerable amount of sensitive data processed by a centralized third party. While many researchers have thoroughly evaluated privacy issues surrounding wearable fitness trackers, no study has addressed privacy issues in trackers by giving control of the data to the user. Blockchain is an emerging technology with outstanding advantages in resolving consent management privacy concerns. As there are no fully transparent, legally compliant solutions for sharing personal fitness data, this study introduces an architecture for a human-centric, legally compliant, decentralized and dynamic consent system based on blockchain and smart contracts. Algorithms and sequence diagrams of the proposed system's activities show consent-related data flow among various agents, which are used later to prove the system's trustworthiness by formalizing the security requirements. The security properties of the proposed system were evaluated using the formal security modeling framework SeMF, which demonstrates the feasibility of the solution at an abstract level based on formal language theory. As a result, we have shown that blockchain technology is suitable for mitigating the privacy issues of fitness providers by recording individuals' consent using blockchain and smart contracts.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchains; Data privacy; Privacy; Smart contracts; Security; Medical services; Heuristic algorithms; Blockchain; data protection; decentralized; fitness tracker; human-centric; privacy; regulation; security requirements; trust; wearable devices
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-03-27
【文献类型】 期刊
【Author】 Han, Jongbeen Son, Yongseok Eom, Hyeonsang
【影响因子】3.476
【主题类别】
区块链应用-电商领域-
【Abstract】As the popularity of e-commerce grows, an electronic coupon (e-coupon) is widely used due to its convenience and portability. In most e-coupon services, the information of e-coupons is managed on a centralized server. However, e-coupon services are often vulnerable to security issues because of centralization. For example, when the e-coupon information which is stored in a centralized e-coupon server is forged, it becomes difficult to match the user and the e-coupon's owner, and an expired e-coupon can be used repetitively (i.e., double-spending). To handle this issue, we propose a new e-coupon service by exploiting a blockchain system to improve the security of the service. To do this, we first design a server to enable the e-coupon service and communicate with the blockchain system. Second, we devise a smart contract on the blockchain system to provide integrity of the e-coupon business logic and the e-coupon's information. We implemented the proposed service on an Ethereum-based blockchain system. The experimental results show that our proposed service improves higher security with a minor performance overhead compared with an existing e-coupon service.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchains; Smart contracts; Servers; Security; Codes; Business; Forgery; E-coupon; blockchain; smart contract; security
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-03-27
【文献类型】 期刊
【Author】 Liu, Yang Zhou, Ziyu Yang, Yongsheng Ma, Yan
【影响因子】2.895
【主题类别】
区块链技术-智能合约-
【Abstract】Port supply chains play a very important role in the process of economic globalization. Lack of trust of the mechanism is the main factor in restricting the development of port supply chains. Blockchains have great potential to solve the trust problem among all participants using port supply chains, which can reduce costs and improve efficiency. As the bridge between blockchains and port supply chains, smart contracts reconstruct the business process of blockchain-empowered port supply chains. In this article, we present an architecture of a consortium blockchain-empowered port supply chain system, and propose a system verification framework for the smart contracts of port supply chains with probabilistic behaviors. The smart contracts are modeled as DTMCs (Discrete-Time Markov Chains), which are automatically transformed through the BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) description of the smart contracts. The requirements are specified by PCTL (Probabilistic Computation Tree Logic). Moreover, we implement the customs clearance process of the Shanghai Yangshan Port based on blockchain Hyperledger Fabric, and reconstruct the clearance process with smart contracts. We use it to demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework, and identify the smart contracts that do not meet the expected needs of users.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】port supply chain; blockchain; smart contract; probabilistic model checking
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-03-27
【文献类型】 期刊
【DOI】 10.3390/systems10010019
【影响因子】2.853
【主题类别】
区块链应用-金融领域-
【Abstract】Sukuk is a financial instrument that provides returns similar to conventional bonds. It has served to cater to the capital requirements of big corporations and governments, while circumventing interest to adhere to the Shariah law. Sukuk can be touted as Shariah-compliant bonds that rank among the most successful and the fastest growing financial instrument in the Islamic economy. The sukuk research area is marked by a dearth of quantitative literature, compared to qualitative academic work. This paper seeks to fill this existing gap, and introduces a novel, exploratory analysis of sukuk tokenization based on a case study. The funding needs of small and medium enterprises remains largely unmet through sukuk on account of the high costs involved, among other reasons. As we show in this paper, blockchains can aid to lower the cost incurred through the tokenization of sukuk. We highlight some of the key challenges involved in the issuance of sukuk and discuss their resolution using blockchain. We also provide a taxonomy of blockchain applications in finance, with a particular focus on Islamic finance. Our paper reviews different blockchain architectures to assess their viability for tokenization. We conduct a novel case study on sukuk tokenization by implementing a basic smart contract for Sukuk al-Murabaha on Ethereum. The paper concludes by a conceptual analysis of feasibility concerns, based on a comparison of the conducted cost-benefit analysis of conventional sukuk issuance with tokenization.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Sukuk; Blockchain; Ethereum; Tokenization; Smart contract; Cost-benefit analysis
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-03-27
【文献类型】 期刊
【Author】 Taherdoost, Hamed
【影响因子】0.000
【主题类别】
综述--
【Abstract】Blockchain is a promising breakthrough technology that is highly applicable in manifold sectors. The adoption of blockchain technology is accompanied by a range of issues and challenges that make its implementation complicated. To facilitate the successful implementation of blockchain technology, several blockchain adoption frameworks have been developed. However, selecting the appropriate framework based on the conformity of its features with the business sector may be challenging for decision-makers. This study aims to provide a systematic literature review to introduce the adoption frameworks that are most used to assess blockchain adoption and realize business sectors that these models have been applied. Thus, the blockchain adoption models in 56 articles are reviewed and the results of the studies are summarized by categorizing the articles into five main sections including supply chain, industries, financial sector, cryptocurrencies, and other articles (excluded from the former fields). The findings of the study show that the models based on the technology acceptance model (TAM), technology-organization-environment (TOE), and new conceptual frameworks were the focus of the majority of selected articles. Most of the articles have focused on blockchain adoption in different industry fields and supply chain areas.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】blockchain technology; acceptance model; adoption model; blockchain adoption; blockchain acceptance; blockchain acceptance model; blockchain acceptance framework; narrative review
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-03-27
【文献类型】 综述