【影响因子】16.002
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-农牧领域
【Abstract】Background: Meat packaging and intelligent evaluation and monitoring of key parameters not only are important technologies to ensure meat quality and safety but also form the key foundation for optimizing packaging materials and improving the efficiency of cold chain operations. In recent years, numerous studies have focused on comprehensive (or multi-functional) packaging materials, multiple parameter evaluation methods, quality intelligent monitoring technology, and optimization of the control of various links in cold chain logistics (CCL). Such research has significant practical application value for extending meat shelf-life and reducing the risk of foodborne diseases.Scope and approach: This paper reviews the current research status, existing problems, and future evolution of CCL by focusing on meat packaging, meat quality evaluation and monitoring, and meat quality prediction and control. We also elaborate in detail the challenges faced in researching these topics and discuss the focal points of future research aiming to improve the quality and efficiency of CCL. Key findings and conclusions: Packaging material optimization and dynamic quality perception are vital for achieving meat quality and safety over the entire CCL and demand the digital and intelligent development of the meat cold chain. A key finding of this review is that the comprehensive (or composite) packaging and intelligent quality assessment and monitoring are important forces promoting the transformation of traditional meat CCL to smart, green, and efficient CLL involving the intelligent management and control of all links therein.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Meat; Cold chain logistics; Packaging; Quality perception; Intelligent development
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 综述
【Author】 Al Sharif, Reem Pokharel, Shaligram
【影响因子】10.696
【主题类别】
区块链治理-元分析-
【Abstract】ABS T R A C T Countries have been working on implementing smart city concepts in different regions. The need for the use of information and communication technology in various forms is needed in such cities. There are different di-mensions that are to be considered for smart city planning and implementation. This complexity of the dimension, the use of technology, and their integration bring the risk perspectives into the implementation of the smart city concept. If such risks are not adequately understood and addressed, they can create issues in terms of privacy and security and, therefore, the functioning of smart cities. In this review, the identification of di-mensions, smart city assessment tools, the available technologies, and the technical and non-technical risk pa-rameters related to smart cities implementation are discussed. The current methods of risk assessment and the possible enhancements are highlighted. The findings of the literature review illustrate that not all smart cities adapt all of the smart city dimensions. The dominant technology used in smart cities' applications is found to be the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and blockchain. The paper also provides some research directions for the design, implementation, and operation of smart cities.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Smart cities; Smart city dimensions; Technical risks; Non-technical risks; Risk parameters; Risk assessment tools
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【Author】 Samuel, Omaji Javaid, Nadeem Almogren, Ahmad Javed, Muhammad Umar Qasim, Umar Radwan, Ayman
【影响因子】10.696
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-能源领域
【Abstract】In this paper a secure energy system is proposed that consists of private and public blockchains for vehicles in sustainable cities and society. The former protects vehicle owners from spatial and temporal information based attacks while the latter provides efficient energy trading in sustainable cities and society. In the proposed system, the dynamic demand based pricing policy for the vehicle owners is proposed using types of vehicles, time of demand and geographical locations. The vehicles' social welfare and utility are maximized using an optimal scheduling method along with the proposed pricing policy. Also, the vehicle owners' privacy is protected by applying differential privacy in the proposed consensus energy management algorithm. The numerical analyses show that 89.23% reduction in energy price is achieved as compared to 83.46%, 73.86% and 53.07% for multi-parameter pricing scheme (MPPS), fixed pricing scheme and time-of-use pricing scheme (ToU), respectively. Applying the proposed scheme, the owners can achieve about 81.46% reduction in their operating cost as compared to 80.48%, 69.75% and 68.29% for MPPS, fixed pricing scheme and ToU, respectively. Moreover, the proposed system is 60.32% secure as compared to 39.67% for MPPS system. Furthermore, using less information loss against considerable background knowledge of an attacker, higher privacy protection of vehicles is attained.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchain; Charging station; Differential privacy; Electric vehicle; Energy trading; Proof of node rank
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【Author】 Cao, Guangxi Ling, Meijun
【影响因子】9.922
【主题类别】
区块链治理-市场治理-
【Abstract】The risk conduction mechanism between a cryptocurrency and the US dollar (USD), the renminbi (RMB), and gold markets is helpful for investors' risk management. Based on the non-linearity and asymmetry of the correlation between the fractal market hypothesis and the financial market, this study uses asym-metric multifractal cross-correlation analysis to study the correlation between a cryptocurrency and USD, RMB, and gold markets. First, using the MF-ADCCA method, an obvious asymmetric cross-correlation is found between a cryptocurrency and USD, RMB, and gold markets. USD, RMB, and gold markets are more effective than cryptocurrency markets. In particular, the impact of the RMB market on the cryptocurrency market is the largest among USD, RMB, and gold. When USD and RMB are rising, the risk conduction to cryptocurrencies is more significant. When gold is falling, the risk conduction to cryptocurrencies is more significant. When cryptocurrencies are falling, the risk conduction to USD is more significant. Among cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, and New Economic Coin have more significant risk conduc-tion to RMB when it falls. Through the DMF-ADCCA method, a two-way asymmetric conduction effect is found between the lagging cryptocurrency and the USD, RMB, and gold markets. Compared with USD and gold, the risk correlation and conduction between RMB and cryptocurrency are the highest. Prevent -ing and controlling the risk impact of cryptocurrency on the RMB and further strengthening the research between cryptocurrency and the RMB are crucial to the internationalization of the RMB and the improve-ment of international competitiveness. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Asymmetric; Cryptocurrency; Multifractal; Risk conduction
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【影响因子】9.498
【主题类别】
区块链治理-元分析-
【Abstract】In recent years, potentially disruptive identity-related topics emerged, such as digital twin technology for product lifecycle management or self-sovereign identity (SSI) for sovereign data control. In this study, we identify research streams and emerging trends in academic research on digital identity through a bibliometric analysis of 1,395 peer-reviewed articles and their 44,412 references. We derive seven distinct research streams and their interrelations by means of co-citation analysis. We name the seven research streams: i) Digital twin technology for smart manufacturing and industrial health monitoring, ii) identity-based signcryption schemes, iii) distributed networks and user privacy, iv) user authentication in wireless sensor networks, v) attribute-based encryption schemes, vi) secure data exchange in the Internet of Things and vii) blockchain and smart contracts for secure data management. Each stream's high-impact publications and its development over time are reviewed and the interrelation between publications and streams are visualized. In addition, we extract directions for future research from the field's most influential publications. The results offer a comprehensive and systematic overview of publications and discourses in digital identity research.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Digital twin; Internet of Things; Industry 4; 0; Blockchain; Smart manufacturing; Identity management
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 综述
FT50
【影响因子】9.473
【主题类别】
区块链治理-市场治理-
【Abstract】This paper focuses on the creation of new markets through technological exaptation i.e. the repurposing of existing technologies to serve new functions in a different market domain. We conceptualize the ability of new ventures to create new market applications for existing technologies as dependent on the knowledge, skills, and cognitive frames developed by the founding teams' members during their professional careers. Specifically, we hypothesize that the extent of the founding team's employment experience across different organizations in-fluences the probability that the new venture will create a new market through technological exaptation. We also explain why experience in entrepreneurially prominent organizations changes this relationship at various levels of prior employment experience. We test our arguments using data on blockchain startups (and their founders/ co-founders) in the worldwide energy sector established between 2010 and 2019. The results show that the likelihood that a new venture develops a new market application for blockchain technology in the energy sector is associated with the professional experience of the founding team members. We discuss the implications of these findings.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Technological exaptation; New market creation; Professional careers; Employment experiences; Prominent organizations; Blockchain
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【影响因子】7.307
【主题类别】
区块链应用-虚拟经济-其他
【Abstract】Blockchain-based crowdsourcing solutions have been widely used in the industry to solve insider threats and free-riding/false-reporting issues. However, the existing solutions suffer from three main limitations: 1) inability to concurrently achieve task privacy protection and distributed transparent storage, 2) limited transaction throughput caused by serial transaction processing, and 3) low fault-tolerance ability of their practical byzantine-fault-tolerance (PBFT) consensus protocols. In order to overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a novel hybrid-blockchain crowdsourcing platform named CHChain. The core of CHChain is a hybrid blockchain structure, which achieves distributed and transparent storage while guaranteeing task privacy by isolating the private information of each task (e.g., task response, evaluation, and feedback) into its own private task chain, and recording other common information of tasks (e.g., task ID, reward, and deadline) into a common chain. To improve transaction throughput, we then design a parallel-transaction-processing chaincode (PTPC), a chaincode running on the hybrid blockchain structure, to process transactions in parallel, which is also responsible for evaluating the reputations of platform users. For fault-tolerance enhancement, we finally design a Reputation-based PBFT (R-PBFT) consensus protocol based on the hybrid reputation values of platform users. Extensive experiment results showed that the transaction throughput of CHChain is nearly twice as much as those of the existing solutions. Moreover, the fault tolerance of R-PBFT can be approximately 98%, which is much higher than that of the PBFT, 1/3. (C)& nbsp;2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Crowdsourcing; Privacy protection; Performance optimization; Fault tolerance; Hybrid blockchain
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【Author】 Deepa, N. Pham, Quoc-Viet Nguyen, Dinh C. Bhattacharya, Sweta Prabadevi, B. Fang, Fang Pathirana, Pubudu N. Gadekallu, Thippa Reddy Maddikunta, Praveen Kumar Reddy
【影响因子】7.307
【主题类别】
区块链技术-协同技术-大数据
【Abstract】Big data has generated strong interest in various scientific and engineering domains over the last few years. Despite many advantages and applications, there are many challenges in big data to be tackled for better quality of service, e.g., big data analytics, big data management, and big data privacy and security. Blockchain with its decentralization and security nature has the great potential to improve big data services and applications. In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey on blockchain for big data, focusing on up-to-date approaches, opportunities, and future directions. First, we present a brief overview of blockchain and big data as well as the motivation behind their integration. Next, we survey various blockchain services for big data, including blockchain for secure big data acquisition, data storage, data analytics, and data privacy preservation. Then, we review the state-of-the-art studies on the use of blockchain for big data applications in different domains such as smart city, smart healthcare, smart transportation, and smart grid. For a better understanding, some representative blockchain-big data projects are also presented and analyzed. Finally, challenges and future directions are discussed to further drive research in this promising area.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchain; Big data; Vertical applications; Smart city; Smart healthcare; Smart transportation; Security
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【影响因子】7.307
【主题类别】
区块链技术-核心技术-分布式存储
【Abstract】With the popularity of cloud storage, integrity verification for outsourced data has attracted more and more attention. The majority of existing research works rely on a unique third-party auditor (TPA) or fixed TPAs to audit the integrity of outsourced data, and thus they are vulnerable to DoS and collusion attacks as the TPA is not completely trusted. To conquer this problem, a blockchain-based random auditor committee is proposed to replace the fixed TPAs for the integrity verification (call BRAC scheme for short). The proposed blockchain consensus algorithm utilizes a verifiable random function (VRF) to select the third-party auditor committee (TPAC) which performs contract verification. The leader of TPAs (LTPA) packs the verification proof into a blockchain called verification chain. The main idea is employing the output of a VRF for leader election to make it probabilistic, such that specific nodes cannot be targeted in advance and a certain fraction of the nodes being malicious can be tolerated. We present rigorous security analysis to demonstrate the security of the proposed scheme. Meanwhile, the comprehensive performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme improves the performance of data integrity verification effectively. (C)& nbsp;2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Cloud storage; Integrity verification; Random auditor committee; Election algorithm; Blockchain
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【Author】 Metin, Serdar Ozturan, Can
【影响因子】7.307
【主题类别】
区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制
【Abstract】In order to have transactions executed and recorded on blockchains such as the Ethereum Mainnet, fees expressed in crypto-currency units of the blockchain must be paid. One can buy crypto-currency called Ether of the Ethereum blockchain from exchanges and pay for the transaction fees. In the case of test networks (such as Rinkeby) or scientific research blockchains (such as Bloxberg), free cryptocurrency, Ether, is distributed to users via faucets. Since transaction slots on the blocks, storage and smart contract executions are consuming blockchain resources, Ethers are distributed by fixed small amounts to users. Users may have different amount of Ether requirements; some small amounts and some large amounts during different times. As a result, rather than allowing the user to get a fixed small amount of Ether, a more general distribution mechanism that allows a user to demand and claim arbitrary amounts of Ether, while satisfying fairness among users, is needed. For this end, Max- min Fairness based schemes have been used in centralised settings. Our work contributes a Max-min Fairness based algorithm and its Solidity smart contract implementation that requires low transaction costs independent of the number of users. This is important on the Ethereum blockchain, since a smart contract execution with transaction costs depending on the number of users would mean block gas limit exhaustion problem will eventually be met, making the smart contract ineffective. We report tests which confirm that the low transaction cost aims have been achieved by our algorithm. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchain; Faucet; Max-min fairness; Resource allocation
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
CCF-B
【影响因子】5.493
【主题类别】
区块链技术-平台项目-数字货币
【Abstract】Existing public blockchain-based covert communication systems are suffering the issues of insufficient robustness, anti-temper modification, and anonymity at both the transaction and network layers. In this paper, to overcome this problem, we propose a novel Monero-based security-enhanced covert communication system, in which a new storage-type covert channel is developed. This channel makes Monero transaction amount as data carrier for covert communication. Then, we devise two new algorithms, respectively for resisting Eclipse attacks and the two existing node crawling attacks. Extensive simulation experiments show that the developed new covert communication channel can achieve higher robustness, anti-detection, and anonymity. The new security enhanced algorithms can effectively mitigate Eclipse attacks by 37.6%, and the two existing node crawling attacks by 21.1% and 17.1% respectively.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Monero; Covert channel; Network attack
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
CCF-B
【影响因子】5.493
【主题类别】
区块链技术-核心技术-共识机制
【Abstract】Mining pool hopping is a phenomenon taking place in cryptocurrency networks such that a miner changes of pool overtime, in a regular or recurrent way, to increase its gains related to mining work rewards by the mining pools. This phenomenon is not well understood, also because of the lack of a precise pool-hoppers detection solution. In this paper, we propose a methodology for detecting the pool-hopping behavior in the Bitcoin network; we propose a deterministic framework exploiting the different time windowing phases (rounds, epochs) involved in the rewarding process. Our methodology includes a new algorithm to identify the miners, and a new algorithm to trace the revenue stream distribution. We assess the performance of our approach for the five mining pools with the highest hash rates during two three-month period in 2020 and 2021: we show that the phenomenon is still advantageous in terms of overall gains for the pool-hoppers. We also assess the fairness in stake: the phenomenon was known to be unfair in the beginning of the Bitcoin network due to the simple rewarding methods in place at that time, with single rewards higher for pool-hoppers than for miners; we show that this is no longer true and that the new rewarding policies now guarantee that pool-hopping is fair with respect to miners that do not perform pool-hopping. Nonetheless, we also show that the cumulative gain over time of pool-hoppers can be higher by 33% on median than static miners.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Bitcoin; Blockchain; Cryptocurrency; Consensus; Miners identification; Pool-hopping
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【影响因子】4.960
【主题类别】
区块链技术-核心技术-加密算法
【Abstract】Software-Defined Network (SDN) is a new arising terminology of network architecture with outstanding features of orchestration by decoupling the control plane and the data plane in each network element. Even though it brings several benefits, SDN is vulnerable to a diversity of attacks. Abusing the single point of failure in the SDN controller component, hackers can shut down all network operations. More specifics, a malicious OpenFlow application can access to SDN controller to carry out harmful actions without any limitation owing to the lack of the access control mechanism as a standard in the Northbound. The sensitive information about the whole network such as network topology, flow information, and statistics can be gathered and leaked out. Even worse, the entire network can be taken over by the compromised controller. Hence, it is vital to build a scheme of access control for SDN's Northbound. Furthermore, it must also protect the data integrity and availability during data exchange between application and controller. To address such limitations, we introduce B-DAC, a blockchain-based framework for decentralized authentication and fine-grained access control for the Northbound interface to assist administrators in managing and protecting critical resources. With strict policy enforcement, B-DAC can perform decentralized access control for each request to keep network applications under surveillance for preventing over-privileged activities or security policy conflicts. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we also implement a prototype of this framework to evaluate the security impact, effectiveness, and performance through typical use cases.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】SDN security; Access control policy; Northbound interface; Blockchain adoption
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【Author】 Devi, Anju Rathee, Geetanjali Saini, Hemraj
【影响因子】4.960
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-交通领域
【Abstract】The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is introduced to transfer/exchange the data among roadside units and vehicles through various smart devices in real time scenarios. However, the past works in IoV leads to various trans-parencies, security and privacy concerns while communicating and transferring the information among each other. This paper has proposed a blockchain-based trustworthy framework for vehicular networks by reducing the security issues like trust issue and quickly updating the status of vehicles via blockchain ledger. The proposed scheme provides the security at two different stages; 1) the first stage calculates the candidate's trust degree, data quality, and privacy via other vehicles through a Modified-Two-stage Auction Algorithm (M-ITA) scheme to select the trusted miners and maximize their utilities, and 2) in the second stage, a block selection method is introduced that uses the discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO). In every time-slot, only selected miners validate the blocks and updated their position dynamically. The performance of proposed framework is analyzed through numerical analysis by improving the trustworthiness for data sharing in blockchain-based IoV using various security parameters.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Internet of vehicles; Blockchain; Block validation using dpso; Miner selection; and two-stage auction; and Numerical analysis
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【Author】 Jang, Hyeji Han, Sung H.
【影响因子】4.866
【主题类别】
区块链治理-市场治理-
【Abstract】Since the advent of blockchain, interest in the technology has rapidly increased, bringing the launch of new blockchain services. User experience (UX) research provides a basis for systematically understanding and improving the experience of users, and must be carried out regardless of service type. However, it seems that research on the UX of blockchain services has not kept up with the speed with which blockchain technology has been implemented. To remedy this situation, this study proposes a UX framework for understanding the nature of UX in blockchain services. An extensive literature survey related to UX, blockchain technology, and blockchain services was conducted to define UX in blockchain services and identify the elements of UX. Blockchain functions and values that had been newly introduced in blockchain services were identified to help clarify the nature of UX in blockchain services. The proposed framework consists of two parts: a general UX and a technological UX. The elements and sub-elements of the defined UX are derived with detailed explanations. The proposed framework was applied to four blockchain services as a case study. The appropriateness and applicability of the framework are supported by the results of this case study. This study is expected to inspire researchers to provide enhanced UX in blockchain services in the future.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchain service; User experience; UX framework; Systematic UX evaluation; Blockchain technology
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【Author】 Wang, Yanqing Chen, Hong
【影响因子】4.842
【主题类别】
区块链治理-技术治理-
【Abstract】As the complexity of emergencies continues to increase, responding to them often exceeds the capabilities of any single public agency, multi-agent collaborative participation is an inevitable tendency in the development of emergency management. In the collaborative emergency response, it is important to support various responders with a unified platform to assist in decision-making, distribution of resources, and coordination of emergency operation. In recent years, blockchain has provided strong support for the innovation of emergency management mechanisms with its technical advantages such as distributed storage, decentralization, consensus algorithms, tamper-proof, traceability, and smart contract. This study firstly reviews the development of blockchain and its application in emergency management. Secondly, the connotation and key dilemmas of the multi-agent collaborative emergency management mechanism are expounded from two aspects of the multi-agent participation and the construction of a collaborative mechanism. Then, the possibility of using blockchain to facilitate the innovation of multi agent collaborative emergency management mechanism is analyzed from the aspects of emergency management information sharing, resource storage and distribution, the rights and obligations of multiple subjects, supervision, reward and punishment. Finally, a conceptual model of a multi-agent collaborative emergency management mechanism based on alliance chain and public chain is proposed. The application of blockchain provides a new perspective and motivation for the innovation of emergency management system. This study provides a new method for improving the multi-agent collaborative emergency management mechanism, and is an important supplement and innovation to existing emergency management studies.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchain technology; Multi-agent participation; Collaborative; Emergency management
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【Author】 Gao, Liang Li, Li Chen, Yingwen Xu, ChengZhong Xu, Ming
CCF-B
【影响因子】4.542
【主题类别】
区块链技术-协同技术-联邦学习
【Abstract】Federated Learning is a framework that coordinates a large amount of workers to train a shared model in a distributed manner, in which the training data are located on the workers' sides in order to preserve data privacy. There are two challenges in the crowdsourcing of FL, the workers who participant in training need to consume computing and communication resources, so that they are reluctant to participate in the training process if they can not get reasonable rewards. Moreover, there may be attackers who send arbitrary updates to get undeserving compensation or even destroy the model, thus, effective prevention of malicious workers is also critical. An incentive mechanism is urgently required in order to encourage high-quality workers to participate in FL and to punish the attackers. In this paper, we propose FGFL, a blockchain-based incentive governor for Federated Learning. In FGFL, we assess the participants with reputation and contribution indicators. Then the task publisher rewards workers fairly to attract efficient ones while the malicious ones are punished and eliminated. In addition, we propose a blockchain-based incentive management system to manage the incentive mechanism. We evaluate the effectiveness and fairness of FGFL through theoretical analysis and comprehensive experiments. The evaluation results show that FGFL fairly rewards workers according to their corresponding behavior and quality. FGFL increases the system revenue by 0.2% to 3.4% in reliable federations compared with baselines. And in the unreliable scenario where contains attackers, the system revenue of FGFL outperforms the baselines by more than 46.7%.(c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Federated Learning; Incentive mechanism; Attack detection
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【Author】 Guo, Hongyu Gao, Wurong
【影响因子】4.232
【主题类别】
区块链应用-虚拟经济-元宇宙
【Abstract】Metaverse is to build a virtual world that is both mapped and independent of the real world in cyberspace by using the improvement in the maturity of various digital technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), big data, and 5G, which is important for the future development of a wide variety of professions, including education. The metaverse represents the latest stage of the development of visual immersion technology. Its essence is an online digital space parallel to the real world, which is becoming a practical field for the innovation and development of human society. The most prominent advantage of the English-teaching metaverse is that it can provide an immersive and interactive teaching field for teachers and students, simultaneously meeting the teaching and learning needs of teachers and students in both the physical world and virtual world. This study constructs experiential situational English-teaching scenario and convolutional neural networks (CNNs)-recurrent neural networks (RNNs) fusion models are proposed to recognize students' emotion electroencephalogram (EEG) in experiential English teaching during the feature space of time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain. Analyzing EEG data collected by OpenBCI EEG Electrode Cap Kit from students, experiential English-teaching scenario is designed into three types: sequential guidance, comprehensive exploration, and crowd-creation construction. Experimental data analysis of the three kinds of learning activities shows that metaverse-powered experiential situational English teaching can promote the improvement of students' sense of interactivity, immersion, and cognition, and the accuracy and analysis time of CNN-RNN fusion model is much higher than that of baselines. This study can provide a nice reference for the emotion recognition of students under COVID-19.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】metaverse; neural networks; EEG; crowd-creation; emotion recognition
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【Author】 Lin, Jyh-Horng Li, Xuelian Lin, Panpan
【影响因子】3.399
【主题类别】
区块链治理-市场治理-
【Abstract】Could we rely on credit swap hedging as a substitute for insurer blockchain technology involvement? This paper is to develop a two-stage contingent claim model to answer the question. We have three main results. First, blockchain helps the policyholder protection when blockchain involvement is relatively large-scale, helps the insurer's survival probability when blockchain involvement is relatively small-scale and helps enable greater efficiency. Second, credit swap hedging adversely affects policyholder protection and increases a higher likelihood of insurer survival. The life insurance company could regard credit swap hedging as a strategic substitute for blockchain involvement. Third, capital regulation makes the insurer more prone to blockchain involvement, thereby accelerating the transformation of the insurance system.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】Blockchain technology; Credit swap hedging; Life insurance policy; Technology efficiency
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【Author】 Hudson-Smith, Andy Batty, Michael
【影响因子】2.568
【主题类别】
区块链应用-虚拟经济-元宇宙
【Abstract】We sketch a brief history of the development of virtual geographic environments which build on online gaming, three-dimensional representations of cities, and the notion that computer technologies are now so all pervasive that many different models of the same phenomenon, in this case, geospatial systems, can now be built. This enables new forms of analysis that let us explore future spatial scenarios which address key urban problems through virtual environments. These allow us to experiment with the near future and to this end, we identify three key issues. First, we look at how we can use new technologies to develop all-embracing digital environments which are loosely called the "Metaverse"; second, the development of many models which form various kinds of digital twins having different degrees of "closeness" to the real system; and third, the emergence of platform economies that are beginning to push Metaverse-like technologies into the economic world of networked markets. We conclude with suggestions that these technologies can be used to inform our plan-making capabilities, for example, through geodesign, and we suggest how we might address the key challenges that need to be addressed to make their approaches ever more relevant to urban planning.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】
【发表时间】
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【DOI】 10.1111/tgis.12932
CCF-C
【影响因子】1.968
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-能源领域
【Abstract】This paper is oriented to the credit investigation scenario of power grid supply chain enterprises and proposes a blockchain user credit assessment method based on improved Softmax regression in Power IoT. This method first designs a credit-rating mechanism that meets industry characteristics based on business needs. Second, it proposes a user credit evaluation model based on the blockchain architecture. Finally, the improved Softmax regression algorithm is used to train the proposed credit evaluation model, which effectively solves the credit rating. The multiclassification problem has achieved the goal of categorizing the credit rating of the enterprise. The simulation results show that the credit evaluation mechanism proposed in this paper can accurately evaluate the multisource credit data that lacks trust foundation and effectively realize the credit rating of power grid material supply chain enterprises. The credit evaluation mechanism proposed for Power IoT in this paper could have high potential for entity identity authentication and rating for securing mobile video communications.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 实证性文章
【DOI】 10.1155/2022/3842077
【Author】 Duan, Li Sun, Yangyang Zhang, Kejia Ding, Yong
CCF-C
【影响因子】1.968
【主题类别】
区块链技术-核心技术-以太坊
【Abstract】Blockchain technology has been widely used in digital currency, Internet of Things, and other important fields because of its decentralization, nontampering, and anonymity. The vigorous development of blockchain cannot be separated from the security guarantee. However, there are various security threats within the blockchain that have shown in the past to cause huge financial losses. This paper aims at studying the multi-level security threats existing in the Ethereum blockchain, and exploring the security protection schemes under multiple attack scenarios. There are ten attack scenarios studied in this paper, which are replay attack, short url attack, false top-up attack, transaction order dependence attack, integer overflow attack, re-entrancy attack, honeypot attack, airdrop hunting attack, writing of arbitrary storage address attack, and gas exhaustion denial of service attack. This paper also proposes protection schemes. Finally, these schemes are evaluated by experiments. Experimental results show that our approach is efficient and does not bring too much extra cost and that the time cost has doubled at most.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【DOI】 10.1155/2022/5307697
【Author】 Ehsan, Ibtisam Khalid, Muhammad Irfan Ricci, Laura Iqbal, Jawaid Alabrah, Amerah Ullah, Syed Sajid Alfakih, Taha M.
【影响因子】1.672
【主题类别】
区块链应用-实体经济-农牧领域
【Abstract】In agriculture supply chain management, traceability is a crucial aspect to ensure food safety for increasing customer loyalty and satisfaction. Lack of quality assurance in centralized data storage makes us move towards a new approach based on a decentralized system in which transparency and quality assurance is guaranteed throughout the supply chain from producer to consumer. The current supply chain model has some disadvantages like a communication gap between the entities of the supply chain and no information about the travel history and origin of the product. The use of technology improves the communication and relation between various farmers and stakeholders. Blockchain technology acquires transparency and traceability in the supply chain, provides transaction records traceability, and enhances security for the whole supply chain. In this paper, we present a blockchain-based, fully decentralized traceability model that ensures the integrity and transparency of the system. This new model eliminated most of the disadvantages of the traditional supply chain. For the coordination of all transactions in the supply chain, we proposed a decentralized supply chain model along with a smart contract.
你可以尝试使用大模型来生成摘要 立即生成
【Keywords】
【发表时间】2022
【收录时间】2022-05-24
【文献类型】 理论性文章
【DOI】 10.1155/2022/7358354